Lobbying and Policy Change

Baumgartner, Frank R.; Berry, Jeffrey M.; Hojnacki, Marie; Leech, Beth L.; Kimball, David C.

doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226039466.001.0001

Cited by 1,073 publications

(135 citation statements)

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“…Importantly, however, even if debates typically have only two sides, this does not mean that lobbyists were working actively on both. Indeed, in what should not have been a surprising finding, Baumgartner et al (2009) found that government officials themselves often constituted one side with organized interests arrayed on the other. However, more than lobbyists and government officials influence public policy, and their influence may be more or less direct.…”

Section: The Two-sided Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While policy issues might have multiple dimensions and might be framed in any number of ways, by the time it comes to a final decision contests typically devolve to only two sides (Heinz et al, 1993;Baumgartner et al, 2009;Mahoney, 2008). If there is a resolution, one side must win, more or less.…”

Section: The Two-sided Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were best summarized by Baumgartner and Leech's (1998, p. 134) statement that 'the unavoidable conclusion is that PACs and direct lobbying sometimes strongly influence Congressional voting, sometimes have marginal influence and sometimes fail to exert influence'. Even more telling, in the latest major study based on a sample of issues lobbyists were working on, Baumgartner et al (2009) reported in Lobbying and Policy Change that most fail to even get their issue on the policy agenda. Their findings are broadly consistent with the earlier findings of Heinz et al's (1993) book, The Hollow Core, in which they described the world of lobbying as lacking any of the certainty of a supermarket with its well-defined roles, goals and prices.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lobbying influence: Meaning, measurement and missing

2013

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Executive Summary All too often, research on the influence of interest organizations in democratic politics produces null findings. What are we to make of these results? In part, the answer may lie in our conception of influence -what it is and what might constitute evidence for it. But even when more complete conceptions of influence are considered in better research designs, null results will still occur. They merit explanation. To address these issues, I will first try to provide a broader conception of influence and its many possible meanings by exploring the older theoretical literature on urban power from the 1950s and 1960s, considering along the way what the different interpretations might tell us about lobbying. And second, I will develop a catalog of null hypotheses and discuss how these bear on interpreting the many null findings in influence research. Finally, I discuss the implications of this analysis for the future of influence research.

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Section: The Two-sided Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Two-sided Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Lobbying influence: Meaning, measurement and missing

2013

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“…Evaluating the relative importance of political connections is critical for understanding the value that lobbyists provide for their clients and, more generally, to assess the role of 1 For instance, Wright (1990), Kollman (1997), Grossman and Helpman (2001), Ansolabehere et al (2002), de Figuereido and Silverman (2006), Hall and Deardoff (2006), Baumgartner et al (2009), Bombardini and Trebbi (2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolving Door Lobbyists

2010

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We study how ex-government officials benefit from the personal connections acquired during public service. Lobbyists with experience in the office of a US Senator suffer a 24% drop in generated revenue when that Senator leaves office. The effect is immediate, discontinuous around the exit period, and long-lasting. Consistent with the notion that lobbyists sell access to powerful politicians, the drop in revenue is increasing in the committee assignments power held by the exiting politician.Keywords: Lobbying, Revolving Door, US Congress, Political Connections, Political Elites.JEL Classification: H11, J24, J45. * We thank Nick Bloom, Andy Eggers, Steve Machin, Ignacio Palacios-Huerta, Yona Rubinstein, Ken Shepsle and James Snyder for insightful comments. We also thank participants at various conferences and seminars where we presented various versions of this work. We are grateful to the Centre for Responsive Politics, Columbia Books and LegiStorm for answering our questions regarding the data used in this paper. The Center for Economic Performance provided generous funding. We thank Johannes Schmieder for sharing STATA code with us. Victoria Loidl, Vithal Mittal and Jagveer Singh Kang provided excellent research assistance. All errors remain our own.

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“…The critical difference is that city politics is characterized by low barriers to entry [18,19]. Unlike Washington politics, where getting a foot in the door just to plead one's case can be a challenge [20,21], city councilors and local agency administrators are not inundated with requests for face time and allocating time to meet with neighborhood and citywide organizations is a manageable part of their job.…”

Section: Citizen Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability and Interest Group Participation in City Politics

Berry

Portney

2013

Sustainability

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Many cities across the United States have embraced programs aimed at achieving greater sustainability. This may seem surprising, particularly since adopting aggressive environmental protection programs is regarded by some as inimical to economic development. An alternative perspective is that in the modern city sustainability can be part of an economic development strategy. What is largely missing from the literature on sustainable cities' policies and programs is systematic analysis of the political dynamics that seem to affect support for, and adoption and implementation of, local sustainability policies. To explore the actual behavior of cities with respect to sustainability and economic development policies, two original databases on 50 large U.S. cities are used. One source of data is composed of survey responses from city councilors, agency administrators, and leaders of local advocacy groups in each of these cities. The second database contains information as to what these 50 cities actually do in terms of sustainable programs and policies. In testing a series of hypotheses, findings suggest that: a high number of programs aimed at achieving sustainability is linked to the inclusion of environmental advocacy groups; that this relationship is not compromised by business advocacy; and that inclusion of environmental groups in policymaking seems to be supported, rather than impeded, by high rates of economic growth by the cities.

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Lobbying and Policy Change

Cited by 1,073 publications

References 0 publications

Lobbying influence: Meaning, measurement and missing

Lobbying influence: Meaning, measurement and missing

Revolving Door Lobbyists

Sustainability and Interest Group Participation in City Politics

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