Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation

Abstract

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Chlorinated Ethene Source Remediation: Lessons Learned

“…62 Guidance is available to help understand potential secondary impacts and design appropriate loading rates to minimize these problems. 78 ISB May Be Attractive for Treating Residual Contamination and Low-Permeability Zones. As discussed earlier, low permeability zones are a critical complicating factor for chlorinated solvent sites.…”

Hybridized Design Concepts and Their Application to ERD Systems

“…Increasing the concentration gradient to enhance mass transfer, however, can be easily accomplished in the field by either depressing the interfacial equilibrium concentration through biodegradation (Cope and Hughes 2001;Yang and McCarty 2002) or increasing C s via the use of cosolvents or surfactants (West and Harwell 1992;Boving and Brusseau 2000;Hood, Major, and Driedger 2007). Fermentable substrates such as whey and molasses have been shown to increase the C s of trichloroethene by threefold in laboratory studies and at ERD sites (Macbeth et al 2006;Nelson and Novak 2009) when applied at high enough concentrations.…”

Acetone and 2‐butanone creation associated with biological and chemical remediation of environmental contamination

“…As noted in a variety of guidance documents (e.g., Henry, 2010), observed acetone and/or MEK following a biologically based remedial action may be related to the fermentation of relatively high amounts of carbon. The amount of acetone/MEK produced will likely be influenced by the amount and type of carbon amendment used and the site-specific microbial processes.…”

“…MEK is known to be highly degradable (Devinny, Deshusses, & Webster, 1999) with reported environmental half-lives ranging from 13 to 128 days (Aaronson & Howard). The formation, accumulation, and persistence of these fermentation products are a widely recognized potential limitation of substrate addition for enhanced bioremediation (Henry, 2010).…”