Loadable TiO2 scaffolds—A correlation study between processing parameters, micro CT analysis and mechanical strength

Fostad, G.; Hafell, B.; Førde, A.; Dittmann, R.; Sabetrasekh, Roya; Will, J.; Ellingsen, Jan Eirik; Lyngstadaas, Ståle Petter; Haugen, Håvard Jostein

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.03.017

Cited by 48 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…20,[33][34][35] Long sintering times have previously been shown to result in partial elimination of the triangular pores within the struts of highly porous ceramic TiO 2 scaffold structures. 15,16 Fostad et al reported strut folding in TiO 2 scaffolds prepared using 45 ppi polymer foam template following 30 h sintering in 1500 • C but they only observed a small correlation between the strength and increasing sintering time. 15 Nevertheless, they recommended sintering time exceeding 30 h as such heating schedule led to strut folding in TiO 2 foams with pore sizes between 400 m and 600 m. However, the mechanism and evolution of the strut folding and subsequent consolidation of the strut structure during the sintering process has not, to the authors' knowledge, previously been described in detail in the relevant literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Recent studies have shown the fabrication of highly porous rutile TiO 2 foams with pore architectural properties well-matched for those required from a bone scaffold and the capacity to promote adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) on the entire scaffold surface in vitro. [15][16][17][18] Compressive strength values of approximately 2.5 MPa were reported for these novel TiO 2 scaffolds at overall porosity of ∼85%, 16 while the compressive strength of trabecular bone is typically 2-12 MPa. 19 Since the scaffold structure is also required to provide mechanical stability for the defect site, the use of these TiO 2 scaffolds in load-bearing environment is somewhat limited as the compressive strength of the highly porous TiO 2 foam structure only reaches the lower limit of strength of human trabecular bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Processing of highly porous TiO2 bone scaffolds with improved compressive strength

Tiainen

Wiedmer

Haugen

2013

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Processing of highly porous TiO2 bone scaffolds with improved compressive strength

Tiainen

Wiedmer

Haugen

2013

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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“…This analysis mirrors the process by which cells will invade the pore space, detecting pore accessibility from the scaffold edges given a certain minimum connection size. 54 Fluid flow techniques may also give measurements of scaffold permeability. The relationship between fluid flow rate through a scaffold and the applied pressure is determined by permeability, as described by Darcy's law.…”

Section: Existing Characterisation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the limitation when compared to techniques such as those by Moore et al 52 and Fostad et al 54 is that it does not describe pore interconnectivity as a function of connection size. Although descriptions of interconnectivity in terms of single voxel pathways are important, they are limited in that they do not indicate how easily a larger object, such as a cell, may invade a structure.…”

Section: Benefits and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative architectural description of tissue engineering scaffolds

Ashworth

Best

Cameron

2014

Materials Technology

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Arguably one of the most specialised subtopics in porous materials research is that of tissue engineering scaffolds. The porous architecture of these scaffolds is a key variable in determining biological response. However, techniques for characterising these materials tend to vary widely in the literature. There is a need for a set of transferable and effective methods for architectural characterisation. In this review, four key areas of importance are addressed. First, the definition and interpretation of pore size are considered in relation to fluid transport properties, by analogy with filtration research. Second, the definition of interconnectivity is discussed using insight obtained from cement and concrete research. Third, the issue of data scalability is addressed by consideration of percolation theory, as implemented for the study of geological materials. Finally, emerging techniques such as confocal and multiphoton microscopy are discussed. These methods allow the three-dimensional observation of pore strut arrangement, as well holding great potential for understanding changes in pore architecture under dynamic conditions.

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“…O rutilo (TiO 2 ) tem sido estudado como um material promissor de arcabouços para induzir a formação de osso na restauração de grandes defeitos ósseos [4][5][6][7]. O óxido de titânio é utilizado em implante ósseo em função da biocompatibilidade e alta confiabilidade mecânica.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desenvolvimento de arcabouços de óxido de titânio e Biosilicato® para regeneração óssea

Fernandes

Morelli

2017

Cerâmica

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Resumo Arcabouços de óxido de titânio (TiO2) com Biosilicato® incorporado foram produzidos e avaliados com relação à porosidade e microestrutura. Arcabouços para regeneração óssea devem apresentar porosidade que favoreça o crescimento de tecidos ósseos através do material. O TiO2 é um material cerâmico altamente biocompatível com boas propriedades mecânicas e osseocondutoras, permitindo a migração do tecido ósseo sobre a interface do material, mas sem estimular a atividade das células osteogênicas que geram o tecido ósseo. Com o intuito de induzir a formação de tecido ósseo o Biosilicato®, um material com elevada bioatividade, foi incorporado à matriz cerâmica de TiO2. Para a obtenção dos macroporos foi utilizado o método de eliminação por queima, no qual partículas orgânicas são empregadas na matriz cerâmica como agentes formadores de poros, que possui a vantagem de adaptar as características dos poros do componente cerâmico final por meio da escolha apropriada do agente formador de poros. Neste trabalho foi feita uma mistura homogênea de TiO2 com serragem de cambará e posteriormente adicionou-se o Biosilicato®. Após a queima as amostras foram avaliadas pelo método de Arquimedes, para a determinação da porosidade aparente, e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) para a visualização da morfologia dos grãos e distribuição e tamanho de poros. A etapa de queima garantiu a eliminação completa dos agentes formadores de poros e a completa sinterização do TiO2. O Biosilicato® facilitou a sinterização do TiO2 e a consolidação da matriz cerâmica. Foram obtidos arcabouços com porosidade aparente de 63% e poros com tamanhos maiores que 200 µm. Por meio da análise de MEV, observou-se a distribuição homogênea dos poros e suas interligações. Além disso, foi possível observar a distribuição do Biosilicato® entre as partículas de TiO2, sendo um caminho para o crescimento e regeneração do tecido ósseo.

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Loadable TiO2 scaffolds—A correlation study between processing parameters, micro CT analysis and mechanical strength

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Processing of highly porous TiO2 bone scaffolds with improved compressive strength

Processing of highly porous TiO2 bone scaffolds with improved compressive strength

Quantitative architectural description of tissue engineering scaffolds

Desenvolvimento de arcabouços de óxido de titânio e Biosilicato® para regeneração óssea

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