2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.040
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Load following with Small Modular Reactors (SMR): A real options analysis

Abstract: a b s t r a c tLoad following is the potential for a power plant to adjust its power output as demand and price for electricity fluctuates throughout the day. In nuclear power plants, this is done by inserting control rods into the reactor pressure vessel. This operation is very inefficient as nuclear power generation is composed almost entirely of fixed and sunk costs; therefore, lowering the power output doesn't significantly reduce generating costs and the plant is thermo-mechanical stressed. A more efficie… Show more

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Cited by 90 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…A modular power plant configuration also opens up the possibility of load-following capability and co-generation, by switching on a greater number of modules to provide electricity at times of high grid demand and then switching the output for the purposes of process heat applications at times of low grid demand. This concept is possible with some of the approaches being explored by various fusion initiatives, and is suggested in [22] (see Section 6), as well as by an array of concepts employing the use of fission SMRs (Small Modular Reactors), which share many similarities with the modular fusion power plant concept [21,23].…”
Section: Operation Modesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A modular power plant configuration also opens up the possibility of load-following capability and co-generation, by switching on a greater number of modules to provide electricity at times of high grid demand and then switching the output for the purposes of process heat applications at times of low grid demand. This concept is possible with some of the approaches being explored by various fusion initiatives, and is suggested in [22] (see Section 6), as well as by an array of concepts employing the use of fission SMRs (Small Modular Reactors), which share many similarities with the modular fusion power plant concept [21,23].…”
Section: Operation Modesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Jain et al (2013b) focused on small-and medium-sized reactors (SMRs) and investigated the economic impact of modular construction of such reactors. See, for example, Jain et al (2014); Locatelli et al (2015); Siddiqui and Fleten (2010); Zhu (2012), for other applications. (1977) discussed several ethical issues that affect public support.…”
Section: Capacity Deployment Of Nuclear Facilitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To solve the intrinsic dependence that renewable energy without storage has on fossil fuels, new nuclear power plants are expected to be deployed in the next decades which are known as Small Modular Reactors, or also Small and Medium Reactors (SMR), belonging to the Generation IV of this technology [28,29]. The advantages of these new reactors, besides their inherently safe designs, are their capacity of load following [30] and fast and modular construction [31], which is very important when they are part of a mix like the one proposed by Chile. However, although there is no plan to build them in the short-medium term in Chile, its deployment is not restricted and further studies will be needed for the country, most of which will be led by the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%