Load Balancing Metric Based Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (lbRPL)

Sebastian, A.; Sivagurunathan, S.; ., .

doi:10.14419/ijet.v7i2.22.11806

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In how many of the established analyses, we seek to compare the WRF-RPL protocol with ETXPC-RPL [16] , lbRPL [23] and MRHOF [40] under the metrics of (i) the network lifetime, which refers to the time at which the first node in the topology dies, i.e., reaches its energy cap and stops operating within the sensor network [41]; (ii) the RPL message overhead, which refers to the number of ICMPv6 packets sent in the network, such as DIO or DAO messages, used for topology control and network maintenance and (iii) the PDR which refers to the number of packets that are successfully received by the sink node. Regarding energy considerations, since the implementation of the protocol in Contiki, it was required to estimate each node's energy con-sumption in the network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WRF-RPL: Weighted Random Forward RPL for High Traffic and Energy Demanding Scenarios

et al. 2021

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The wireless sensor networks (WSN) are immersed in multiple areas of knowledge and are the alternative that allows analyzing, solving, and preventing problems under different facets. The RPL protocol (IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power a Lossy Networks) arises for the management of this type of network restricted by their physical capabilities through different rules and operations that simplify the communications and constructions of the WSN. Although RPL is an efficient and standardized protocol, it does not consider high traffic handling and presents severe problems regarding load balancing, which leads to service disruption. In this article, WRF-RPL is proposed as a protocol for considering load balancing over RPL to distribute communications and messages into a network topology to avoid one preferred parent's congestions. The proposed protocol aims to improve the network's lifetime and the packet delivery through source nodes to the sink in an energy-efficient manner. Different simulated scenarios were conducted over the Cooja simulator. The results show that WRF-RPL protocols outperform the standard RPL protocol over Network Lifetime, PDR, control message overhead, and energy consumption compared with other existing protocols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other types of proposals are described in [23], where the objective function lbRPL is described. In this proposal, the metric called Load Balancing Index (LBI) is considered, which considers the composition of the energy consumption metrics, ETX, and the count of parents or nodes of a communications path.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

WRF-RPL: Weighted Random Forward RPL for High Traffic and Energy Demanding Scenarios

et al. 2021

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“…In Reference 18, the authors addressed the issue of load imbalance caused by a mix of network traffic and a heavy load on preferred or forwarding parents. This article offers a load balancing metric‐based routing protocol called lbRPL to optimize route load balancing in RPL.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the paper, 18 to describe the RPL load balancing, the researchers offer the Load Balancing Index, a new routing statistic for RPL (LBI). LBI consists of three steps: establishing up a network with ETX, measuring parent count (Pc), and calculating the parent's remaining energy (Pe).…”

Section: Simulation and Network Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure14shows the proposed protocol consume less total energy consumption than all other protocols, with the network of 30 nodes, the total energy consumption is 0, 1833, 4391, 5416, 7216, 9220, 10,690, 12,281, 14,862, 16,521, 19,348, 21,292 mJ for the simulation time from (0 to 1100) s.In the paper,18 to describe the RPL load balancing, the researchers offer the Load Balancing Index, a new routing statistic for RPL (LBI). LBI consists of three steps: establishing up a network with ETX, measuring parent count (Pc), and calculating the parent's remaining energy (Pe).…”

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confidence: 92%

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Proposed RPL routing protocol in the IoT applications

Hadaya

Alabady

2022

Concurrency and Computation

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Routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) is a proactive routing protocol that automates the path development process using objective functions (OFs).The IETF defines two types of RPL objective functions, minimum rank with hysteresis objective function (MRHOF) and OF0. OF0 is based on the minimum hop count metric while the MRHOF is based on the expected transmission count (ETX) metric. Because of the single metric, both MRHOF and OF0 will suffer from long hops when selecting the routs to the sink, and select inefficient routes maybe paths contain nodes with small residual energy, which may cause consume the nod's energy faster than other nodes.The other problem of RPL is unbalanced chosen by parents that make bottleneck nodes that cause more network delay and high packet loss ratio because of the high congestion nodes, especially the nodes that locate near the sink node. In this article, we proposed an improvement RPL objective function that considers three metrics (load, residual energy, and ETX metrics) instead of one metric, to solve the MRHOF problems. The performance of the proposed protocol shows the enhancement in the RPL performance in terms of PDR, total energy consumption, and many other parameters.

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RPL Based Routing Protocols for Load Balancing in IoT Network

Rani

Kumar

Bagchi

et al. 2021

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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RPL is a directing convention for remote organizations with low force utilization and large defenseless to parcel misfortune. It is a proactive convention dependent on distance vectors and works on IEEE 802.15.4. RPL can uphold a wide assortment of connection layers, including IoT, which is a technology that taking hold of research and industries with a fast tramp. It is a collection of actuators and sensors that collect data which can be processed to produce actual information. Important parameters allied to human body and physical environment data such that humidity, temperature, pressure, pollution etc. have immense significance for computerization, failure recognition, well timed, and appropriate cure. In this manner, IoT network offered ascend to keen urban communities, home mechanization, savvy wellbeing, present day travel strategic and some more. There is a distance vector normalization Routing Protocol for Low force and Lossy organization (RPL) for IoT sending, which relies upon different course improvement Objective functions (OF). These capacities rely upon different networks in the vein of energy like Received Sign Strength Indicator (RSSI) and Expected Transmission tally (ETX) for course streamlining. Course enhancement is influenced by issue of burden adjusting. In this paper, an inclusive survey of existing load balancing schemes, matrices, Objective Functions and different RPL based Routing protocols with reference to load imbalance is represented and highlighted when load balancing merged with the RPL, how it had a great impact.

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Load Balancing Metric Based Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (lbRPL)

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

WRF-RPL: Weighted Random Forward RPL for High Traffic and Energy Demanding Scenarios

WRF-RPL: Weighted Random Forward RPL for High Traffic and Energy Demanding Scenarios

Proposed RPL routing protocol in the IoT applications

RPL Based Routing Protocols for Load Balancing in IoT Network

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