LncRNAs associated with multiple sclerosis expressed in the Th1 cell lineage

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a type of inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system in which immune-mediated inflammatory processes are elicited by secreted cytokines from T helper (Th)-1 and Th17 cells. While some protein-coding genes expressed in T cell types have established involvement in MS disease progression, little is understood about the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) within the disease landscape. LncRNAs, noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, likely control gene expression and function of Th1 cells, and offer the potential to act as therapeutic and biomarker candidates for MS. We identified lncRNAs in Th1 cells linked to MS. Expression levels of candidate lncRNAs and genes were evaluated in 50 MS patients and 25 healthy controls using quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction, and their correlations were assessed. LncRNAs encoded by AC007278.2 and IFNG-AS1-001 showed significantly higher expression in relapsing Phase MS patients whereas IFNG-AS1-003 was elevated in patients in the remitting phase compared with relapsing patients. Collectively, these misregulated lncRNAs may provide valuable tools to understand the relationships between lncRNAs and MS, and possibly other related disorders. K E Y W O R D S biomarker, CNS, lncRNA, multiple sclerosis, T helper 1

Long Non-Coding RNAs, Novel Offenders or Guardians in Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review

“…Among the included studies, 47 studies were conducted on human samples ( 24 – 70 ), 7 studies used animal models ( 45 , 71 – 76 ), and only 1 research was conducted on both human samples and animal model ( 45 ). Also, 33 studies were conducted in the Iranian population ( 24 – 26 , 28 – 34 , 36 , 38 – 43 , 45 – 55 , 57 , 58 , 61 , 66 , 67 ), 9 studies were in China ( 68 – 76 ), 5 studies were in Egypt ( 37 , 62 – 65 ), 4 studies were in Italy ( 27 , 35 , 59 , 60 ), 1 study was in Russia ( 44 ), and 1 study was in the Netherlands ( 56 ). A total of 44 studies evaluated the expression of lncRNAs in MS patients ( 24 , 26 – 31 , 34 – 43 , 45 , 46 , 48 , 50 – 54 , 56 – 61 , 63 – 65 , 67 – 76 ), while 9 other studies analyzed polymorphisms of lncRNAs ( 25 , 32 , 33 , 44 , 47 , 49 , 55 , 62 , 66 ).…”

“…AC007278.2 has a specific expression in Th1 cells. It is located within the introns of the protein-coding genes IL18RAP and IL18R1 , with important roles in Th1 cell differentiation ( 43 ). Several studies revealed significant correlations between IL18RAP and IL18R1 and their association with the lncRNA AC007278.2.…”

Uncovering Potential lncRNAs and mRNAs in the Progression From Acute Myocardial Infarction to Myocardial Fibrosis to Heart Failure

“…Up to now, no reports about AC005392.3 have been recorded. The expression level of AC007278.2 is upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosis (22). The IL-18 cytokine, coded by interleukin 18 receptor 1 (IL18R1), has been found to be involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications (23).…”

Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Autoimmune Diseases

“…LncRNAs encoded by the gene AC007278.2 and IFNG antisense RNA 1 (IFNG-AS1-001) showed significantly higher expression in the relapsing MS phase whereas IFNG-AS1-003 was elevated in patients in the remitting MS phase compared with relapsing patients. Together, these deregulated lncRNAs may provide valuable tools for understanding the relationships between lncRNAs and MS progression as well as new pathological pathways [ 50 ]. Little is known about the precise roles of these lncRNAs but based on the expression profiles, lncRNAs appear to be important in the regulation of immune functions and are of potential biological significance for MS pathogenesis [ 122 ].…”