LncRNA mediated regulation of aging pathways in Drosophila melanogaster during dietary restriction

Abstract

Dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan in many species which is a well-known phenomenon. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in regulation of cell senescence and important age-related signaling pathways. Here, we profiled the lncRNA and mRNA transcriptome of fruit flies at 7 day and 42 day during DR and fully-fed conditions, respectively. In general, 102 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 1406 differentially expressed coding genes were identified. Most informatively we found a large number of differentially expressed lncRNAs and their targets enriched in GO and KEGG analysis. We discovered some new aging related signaling pathways during DR, such as hippo signaling pathway-fly, phototransduction-fly and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum etc. Novel lncRNAs XLOC_092363 and XLOC_166557 are found to be located in 10 kb upstream sequences of hairy and ems promoters, respectively. Furthermore, tissue specificity of some novel lncRNAs had been analyzed at 7 day of DR in fly head, gut and fat body. Also the silencing of lncRNA XLOC_076307 resulted in altered expression level of its targets including Gadd45 (involved in FoxO signaling pathway). Together, the results implicated many lncRNAs closely associated with dietary restriction, which could provide a resource for lncRNA in aging and age-related disease field.

A proteomic approach reveals the differential protein expression in Drosophila melanogaster treated with red ginseng extract (Panax ginseng)

“…Mutations of these genes lead to a common phenotype of tissue overgrowth and enlarged organ size in Drosophila eyes and wings [39] . Hippo pathway components also mediated crosstalk with other pathways, for example, Wnt, TGF, and BMP pathways [40] . In the present study, the differentially expressed proteins, 1433Z and ACT6, of the hippo pathway were up-regulated in D. melanogaster treated by RGE versus wild type.…”

Upregulation of long noncoding RNA AP003419.16 predicts high risk of aging-associated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

“…Antisense lncRNAs are able to regulate the inhibitory effect of microRNAs on adjacent mRNAs in the development of disease ( 27 ). Antisense lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of aging-associated diseases ( 28 , 29 ) and aging-associated pathways ( 30 ). A previous study observed that lncRNAs may regulate pulmonary fibrosis during pulmonary epithelial cell transformation in a pulmonary fibrosis animal model ( 5 ).…”

Comparative proteomics analysis of dietary restriction in Drosophila

“…Although our previous studies have reported and explained the changes induced by DR at whole-genome transcriptome levels [3], it is believed that proteins are directly involved in biological processes. Therefore, the proteome of an organism can offer more insight into the life activities of the organism than the genome and the transcriptome.…”

“…In 1930s, it was first demonstrated that DR prolonged lifespan and improved the age-related phenotype in mice [1]. In recent years, DR has been proved to be effective in delaying aging and extending lifespan in a variety of organisms such as nematodes [2], fruit flies [3], fish [4], dogs [5], rodents [1] and primates [6]. Interestingly, many age-associated diseases such as arteriosclerosis [7], neurodegenerative diseases [8], liver deformities [9] and type 2 diabetes [10] have shown improvement under DR.…”