Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most leading concerns for public health globally. Diazepam, a local anesthetic, has been reported for its cardioprotective potential. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the possible mechanism of action of diazepam against left anterior descending ligation-induced myocardial IRI in experimental rats. IRI was induced in healthy male rats by ligating coronary artery for 30 min and then reperfused for 60 min. The animals were pre-treated with either vehicle or diltiazem (10 mg/kg) or diazepam (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg) for 14 days.Compared to the IRI group, diazepam (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) markedly (p < 0.05) attenuated IRI-induced alterations in cardiac function and oxido-nitrosative stress. In addition, diazepam prominently (p < 0.05) improved cardiac Na + K + ATPase, Ca 2+ ATPase levels and HIF-1α (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha) mRNA expression. It also significantly (p < 0.05) down-regulated cardiac mRNA expressions of cTn-I (cardiac troponin I), CCR2 (C-C chemokine receptor type 2), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factoralpha), IL (Interleukins)-1β, and IL-6. In western blot analysis, IRI-induced myocardial apoptosis was reduced by diazepam treatment reflected by a marked (p < 0.05) decreased in Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) and Caspase-3 protein expression. Diazepam also efficiently (p < 0.05) improved IRI-induced histological aberration in cardiac tissue. In conclusion, diazepam exerts cardioprotective effect by inhibiting inflammatory release (CCR2, TNF-α, and ILs), oxido-nitrosative stress, and apoptosis (Bax and Caspase-3) pathway during myocardial IRI in experimental rats.