Llama DNA Immunization and Isolation of Functional Single-Domain Antibody Binders

Trempe, Frédéric; Rossotti, Martín A.; Maqbool, Tahir; MacKenzie, Colin R.; Arbabi‐Ghahroudi, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2075-5_3

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In order to express mRNA in tissues that is complexed with gold particles, microprojectile technology, also known as a "gene gun," has been utilized [186]. The gene gun has been shown to be an efficient method of RNA delivery and immunization in mouse models; however, there is a dearth of data about the gene gun's usefulness in either large animals or people at this time [187]. The immunogenicity of a vaccination that was based on non-replicating mRNA was not improved by in vivo electroporation [188]; nevertheless, one research found that the absorption of therapeutic RNA was improved [188].…”

Section: Physical Delivery Methods In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of RNA-based treatments in the field of cancer immunotherapy

Chehelgerdi

2023

Mol Cancer

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Over the past several decades, mRNA vaccines have evolved from a theoretical concept to a clinical reality. These vaccines offer several advantages over traditional vaccine techniques, including their high potency, rapid development, low-cost manufacturing, and safe administration. However, until recently, concerns over the instability and inefficient distribution of mRNA in vivo have limited their utility. Fortunately, recent technological advancements have mostly resolved these concerns, resulting in the development of numerous mRNA vaccination platforms for infectious diseases and various types of cancer. These platforms have shown promising outcomes in both animal models and humans. This study highlights the potential of mRNA vaccines as a promising alternative approach to conventional vaccine techniques and cancer treatment. This review article aims to provide a thorough and detailed examination of mRNA vaccines, including their mechanisms of action and potential applications in cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, the article will analyze the current state of mRNA vaccine technology and highlight future directions for the development and implementation of this promising vaccine platform as a mainstream therapeutic option. The review will also discuss potential challenges and limitations of mRNA vaccines, such as their stability and in vivo distribution, and suggest ways to overcome these issues. By providing a comprehensive overview and critical analysis of mRNA vaccines, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of this innovative approach to cancer treatment.

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Section: Physical Delivery Methods In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of RNA-based treatments in the field of cancer immunotherapy

Chehelgerdi

2023

Mol Cancer

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“…Despite these difficulties, VHHs with high affinity and specificities against difficult-to-access targets such as membrane proteins have been reported with no detailed immune response analysis. It seems that the lack or presence of a polyclonal immune response against the target of interest is not a valid indicator for library construction in llamas following DNA immunization [161][162][163][164]. To overcome this limitation, transgenic mice strains have been established, which harbor either a rearranged dromedary γ2a chain or hybrid llama/human antibody loci, and have been shown to produce functional camelid or hybrid llama-human heavy-chain antibodies [153,[165][166][167].…”

Section: Camelid Sdabs: Pros Cons and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies: Promises and Challenges as Lifesaving Treatments

Arbabi‐Ghahroudi

2022

IJMS

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Since the discovery of camelid heavy-chain antibodies in 1993, there has been tremendous excitement for these antibody domains (VHHs/sdAbs/nanobodies) as research tools, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Commercially, several patents were granted to pioneering research groups in Belgium and the Netherlands between 1996–2001. Ablynx was established in 2001 with the aim of exploring the therapeutic applications and development of nanobody drugs. Extensive efforts over two decades at Ablynx led to the first approved nanobody drug, caplacizumab (Cablivi) by the EMA and FDA (2018–2019) for the treatment of rare blood clotting disorders in adults with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TPP). The relatively long development time between camelid sdAb discovery and their entry into the market reflects the novelty of the approach, together with intellectual property restrictions and freedom-to-operate issues. The approval of the first sdAb drug, together with the expiration of key patents, may open a new horizon for the emergence of camelid sdAbs as mainstream biotherapeutics in the years to come. It remains to be seen if nanobody-based drugs will be cheaper than traditional antibodies. In this review, I provide critical perspectives on camelid sdAbs and present the promises and challenges to their widespread adoption as diagnostic and therapeutic agents.

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