“…However, this group has been the subject of constant redefinitions (Barbosa & Costa, ; Bockmann & Sazima, ) that have deeply altered its taxonomic composition each time, thus raising concerns about its actual monophyletic nature (Ferrer & Malabarba, ). Other efforts recognizing subgroups of species within Trichomycterus followed (Bizerril, ; Fernández & Vari, ; Bockmann et al ., ; Wosiacki & Garavello, ; Wosiacki, ; Alencar & Costa, ; Fernández & Osinaga, ; Fernández & Miranda, ; Lima et al ., ; Wosiacki & de Pinna, , ; Barbosa & Costa, for T. itatiayae species complex; Barbosa & Costa, for T. travassosi species complex, 2012b; Datovo et al ., ; Fernández & Vari, ; Katz et al ., ; Katz & Barbosa, ; Terán et al ., for T. stawiarski group). Further complicating the recognition of putative monophyletic groups within Trichomycterus , several authors have discussed the morphological evidence suggesting closer phylogenetic relationships of some Trichomycterus species with other trichomycterine genera (DoNascimiento et al ., ; Fernández & Quispe Chuquihuamaní, ; Fernández & Schaefer, ; Mesa et al ., ), and even with other trichomycterid subfamilies (de Pinna, ).…”