Living in Suspicion: Priests and Female Servants in Late Medieval England

Werner, Janelle

doi:10.1017/jbr.2016.71

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The osteological information also reveals the ways in which urban servant women would have been prone to physical disability because of their manual labor work and exposure to disease. Harris (2022) finishes this section of her article to point to the many scholars who have discussed the sexual vulnerability of domestic women servants in the late Middle Ages (see Kettle 1995;McIntosh 1984;Werner 2016). We can further speculate about the lives that these women may have lived and even their potential literacy if we consider Phillips's recent work (2022,2023) on Black servants and their consumption of conduct books in early modern Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Race, Population Affinity, and Mortality Risk during the Second Plague Pandemic in Fourteenth-Century London, England

Redfern,

DeWitte,

Hefner

et al. 2023

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We investigate whether hazards of death from plague and physiological stress at a fourteenth-century plague cemetery (Royal Mint, London) differed between populations using N = 49 adults whose affiliation was established using macromorphoscopic traits. Compared to a nonplague cemetery (N = 96), there was a greater proportion of people of estimated African affiliation in the plague burials. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed higher hazards of death from plague for those with estimated African affiliation. There were higher rates of linear enamel hypoplasia in those with estimated African affiliation, but this finding is not statistically significant. These results provide the first evidence that hazards of plague death were higher for people of estimated African affiliation compared to other affiliations, possibly because of existing inequalities, in addition to migration (free or forced) outcomes. These findings may reflect premodern structural racism’s devastating effects. Investigamos si los riesgos de la muerte resultando de la peste y estrés fisiológico en un cementerio de la peste del siglo XIV (Royal Mint, Londres) son diferente entre poblaciones de adultos (N = 49) quienes afiliación estuvieron establecido utilizando rasgos macromorfoscópicos. En comparación con un cementerio no asociado con la peste (N = 96), había una proporción más grande de gente estimado tener afiliación africana en los entierros asociados con la peste. Análisis de riesgos proporcional de Cox indicaron que había un riesgo de muerte de la plaga más alto por individuos estimados tener afiliación africana. Había índices más grandes de hipoplasia de esmalte dental en individuos de afiliación africana, pero el nivel estadístico no fue significativo. Los resultados demuestran la primera evidencia que los riesgos de la muerte de la peste fueron más altos por gente de afiliación africana en comparación a otras afinidades, posiblemente como resultado de disparidades sociales en combinación con los efectos de migración (libre o forzada). Los resultados se pueden reflejar las consecuencias devastadoras del racismo estructural premoderno.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Race, Population Affinity, and Mortality Risk during the Second Plague Pandemic in Fourteenth-Century London, England

Redfern,

DeWitte,

Hefner

et al. 2023

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“…Women also predominated among servants in the households of parish priests, and some of these likely were, as elsewhere, de facto wives. 40 The national origins of these Scottish servants certainly mattered, but it is also useful to understand them as part of a labor pattern that transcended realm and nation, a pattern that is now well recognized by historians of premodern England and Scotland. In both realms, it was common for young people to leave home in search of employment, particularly employment in service.…”

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confidence: 99%

Women (and Men) on the Move: Scots in the English North c. 1440

Bennett¹

2018

J. Br. Stud.

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Alien subsidies suggest that many men and few women immigrated to England between 1440 and 1487. This article examines the one exception to this pattern: the large numbers of Scotswomen assessed as aliens in Cumberland, Westmorland, and Northumberland in 1440. It considers why so many women are found in these particular returns, what we can know about them, and how this knowledge might change our histories of women, labor, and mobility in both Scotland and England.I n the mid-fifteenth century, somewhere between 1 and 2 percent of England's inhabitants (about 6 percent in London) were immigrants. Most-about three-quarters-came from a handful of nearby realms: from France, Scotland, and Ireland, or from the Low Countries and German states (often collectively called "the Dutch"). 1 Many settled, or at least were recorded by head-counters, near to their points of entry-Scots in the north of England, Irish in the southwest, Dutch in East Anglia, French all along the south coast, and a great variety in London. The vast majority of these immigrants were men or boys-about 85 non-native-born males reported for every 15 females. Real numbers were not as out of kilter as these reported numbers, for enumerators rarely recorded wives and probably under-recorded unmarried women (a common problem in medieval tallies). Yet even allowing for these slippages, the sex ratio of England's immigrants was dramatically askew. Many different sorts of "aliens" moved to England in the fifteenth century, but most were men and boys.This essay examines the one exception to this rule: the plethora of immigrant women who were recorded in 1440 as living and working in Cumberland, Westmorland, and Northumberland. Encompassing England's northern marches with

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Married and not: Weston's grown children in 1268–1269

Bennett

2019

Cont. Change

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In 1268–1269 Spalding Priory created an inventory of its male serfs in Weston and the whereabouts of their offspring. Historical demographers have long laboured over this unique document, but their efforts have brought more confusion than consensus. Aiming to revive the historical utility of the Weston inventory, this article provides context for the inventory and access to the text itself. It also reorients analysis of the inventory away from a focus on households and families (both unsatisfactorily reported) and towards the extensive information it contains about how a generation of serf children grew into adulthood.

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Living in Suspicion: Priests and Female Servants in Late Medieval England

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Race, Population Affinity, and Mortality Risk during the Second Plague Pandemic in Fourteenth-Century London, England

Race, Population Affinity, and Mortality Risk during the Second Plague Pandemic in Fourteenth-Century London, England

Women (and Men) on the Move: Scots in the English North c. 1440

Married and not: Weston's grown children in 1268–1269

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