Living Arrangements and Schooling of Orphaned Children and Adolescents in Uganda

Yamano, Takashi; Shimamura, Yasuharu; Sserunkuuma, Dick

doi:10.1086/503586

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Analysis of a nationally representative sample from Burkina Faso found that girl orphans were much more likely to suffer from delayed schooling than boy orphans (33). In Uganda, parental death had significantly greater effects on schooling outcomes for girls in secondary school compared with boys, but there were no differences for primary schoolchildren (34). Another study from Uganda found that greater reductions in girl schooling after adult mortality were seen in relatively poor households, while the nonpoor exhibited no reductions in schooling (35).…”

Section: Investments In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered production and consumption in rural Africa

Kevane

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Recent research underscores the continued importance of gender in rural Africa. Analysis of interactions within households is becoming more sophisticated and continues to reject the unitary model. There is some evidence of discriminatory treatment of girls relative to boys, although the magnitudes of differential investments in health and schooling are not large and choices seem quite responsive to changes in opportunity costs. Social norms proscribing and prescribing male and female economic behavior remain substantial, extending into many domains, especially land tenure. Gender constructions are constantly evolving, although there is little evidence of rapid, transformative change in rural areas.agriculture | development | women T he economic lives of people in many parts of rural Africa are deeply gendered. Farm activities have sex valences. Handling the plow is work for men, and guiding the oxen is work for women; rice is planted by women, and cotton is managed by men. Rural households often invest less in girl children than boy children. Governments assign programs and projects to the different sexes: microfinance for women and pesticides for men. Local judges interpret custom and law as properly gendered. A wife hoping to inherit her husband's land may find herself evicted by his brother. These are illustrative generalizations, of course, and not facts. There is considerable variation across regions and ethnic groups and over time. However, there can be little doubt that gendered structures and choices and ensuing gendered life trajectories are important and complex. This article reviews an expanding literature that examines the mechanisms involved, programs and policies designed around these mechanisms, and effects of public action and large-scale change regarding gendered social structures in rural Africa.Gender is best thought of as a set of shared discursive habits relating to males and females. These habits encompass but are not limited to cognitive characterizations of gendered behaviors, expectations about gendered actions, and gendered decision algorithms. The habits guide people when they think about how other people might react to proposed action. Sometimes, the habits agree with a person's reasoned judgment, and sometimes, they do not, in which case a person might experience mental distress and cognitive dissonance. The actions under consideration range from the ordinary chores of everyday living to the infrequent and worrisome markers of life changes and from the private utterances intended for oneself to formal public pronouncements. These actions by individuals are evaluated by people in a community, and over time in-

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Section: Investments In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered production and consumption in rural Africa

Kevane

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…They may also have been forced out of school due to financial hardship and/or the stigma and fear associated with HIV/AIDS. Studies in developing countries have found that AIDS orphans experience a greater degree of interruption in their education than children orphaned by other causes or children in intact families Yang et al, 2006;Yamano, Shimamura, & Sserunkuuma, 2006).…”

Section: Less Schoolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Developmental Psychopathology Framework of the Psychosocial Needs of Children Orphaned by HIV

Li¹,

Naar‐King²,

Barnett³

et al. 2008

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care

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“…There is also differentiation in outcomes according to the type of orphanhood with poorer outcomes reported for maternal orphans in Tanzania (Ainsworth and Semali 2000;Beegle et al 2007;Baaroy and Webb 2008), Kenya (Evans and Miguel 2007), and Ethiopia (Bhargava 2005;Himaz 2009). Female orphans experience poorer outcomes in SubSaharan Africa as a whole (Case et al 2004), Tanzania (Baaroy and Webb 2008), Uganda (Yamano et al 2006), and Ethiopia (Bhargava 2005). In the case of Uganda, however, while girls were less likely than boys to be in school before their mother's death, presumably due to their care giving role, the situation reversed after their mother's death.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of Orphanhood in Ethiopia: A Mixed Methods Study

Camfield

2010

Soc Indic Res

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The paper addresses the question of whether parental death always has a strongly negative effect on children's outcomes using quantitative and qualitative data from Young Lives, a longitudinal study of childhood poverty in Ethiopia. It investigates the validity of potential mediating factors identified by other studies in Sub-Saharan Africa using data from the whole sample (n = 973) and explores these processes in-depth through the experiences of three orphans in one community in Addis Ababa. The paper concludes that the outcomes of orphans and non-orphans in poor communities are not significantly different, supporting the need to address vulnerability at a societal level. Nonetheless, specific groups, for example, older female children who have lost their mothers, may face particular risks that should be addressed with targeted interventions.

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Living Arrangements and Schooling of Orphaned Children and Adolescents in Uganda

Cited by 45 publications

References 16 publications

Gendered production and consumption in rural Africa

Gendered production and consumption in rural Africa

A Developmental Psychopathology Framework of the Psychosocial Needs of Children Orphaned by HIV

Outcomes of Orphanhood in Ethiopia: A Mixed Methods Study

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