Living and dying on the edge of the Empire: a bioarchaeological examination of Otago’s early European settlers

Buckley, Hallie R.; Roberts, Phillip M.; Kinaston, Rebecca; Petchey, Peter; King, Charlotte L.; Domett, Kate; Snoddy, Anne Marie E.; Matisoo‐Smith, Elizabeth

doi:10.1080/03036758.2020.1837189

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The findings from St Mary’s burial records and the information from this 19 th century newspaper suggests that the summer temperatures in South Australia could have magnified any health conditions that an individual may have been suffering. This finding contrasts with the published results for colonial settlers buried at Milton, Otago, New Zealand by Buckley et al [ 100 ]. They were able to identify a pattern in the monthly burials at Milton, with a higher number of deaths occurring in the winter months of June, July and August and fewer deaths in the summer months [ 100 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…This finding contrasts with the published results for colonial settlers buried at Milton, Otago, New Zealand by Buckley et al [ 100 ]. They were able to identify a pattern in the monthly burials at Milton, with a higher number of deaths occurring in the winter months of June, July and August and fewer deaths in the summer months [ 100 ]. The difference in seasonal trends may well be related to the different climatic conditions in South Australia and the South Island of New Zealand [ 100 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Fourteen of the remaining 18 adults had hypoplastic defects of the enamel (78%). This percentage is comparable to a cohort of adults (86%) with enamel hypoplastic defects who were migrants to Milton, New Zealand, during the 19 th century [ 100 ]. Isotopic analysis of this New Zealand cohort indicated that none of them were born locally [ 107 ], thus the health insult that caused the enamel hypoplastic defects would have occurred in their home country [ 100 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Health effects of European colonization: An investigation of skeletal remains from 19th to early 20th century migrant settlers in South Australia

et al. 2022

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The British colony of South Australia, established in 1836, offered a fresh start to migrants hoping for a better life. A cohort of settlers buried in a section of St Mary’s Anglican Church Cemetery (1847–1927) allocated for government funded burials was investigated to determine their health, with a focus on skeletal manifestations associated with metabolic deficiencies. Findings of St Mary’s sample were compared with those published for contemporary skeletal samples from two British cemeteries, St Martin’s, Birmingham, and St Peter’s, Wolverhampton, to explore similarities and differences. To investigate the changing economic background of the St Mary’s cohort, which may have influenced the location of their burial within the cemetery, the number and demographic profile of government funded burials and those in privately funded leased plots were compared. The study sample consisted of the skeletal remains of 65 individuals (20 adults, 45 subadults) from St Mary’s Cemetery ‘free ground’ section. The bones and teeth of individuals in this cohort showed evidence of pathological manifestations, including areas of abnormal porosity in bone cortices in 9 adults and 12 subadults and flaring of metaphyses (one subadult) and costochondral junctions of the ribs (one subadult). Porous lesions of orbital roof bones (Types 3 to 4) were seen on three subadults. Macroscopic examination of teeth identified enamel hypoplastic defects and micro-CT scans showed areas of interglobular dentine. Comparison of St Mary’s findings with the British samples revealed that prevalences of manifestations associated with vitamin C deficiency were higher at St Mary’s and manifestations associated with vitamin D deficiency were lower respectively. The location of burial pattern at St Mary’s Cemetery, from the mid-1840s to1860s, showed differences in the economic status of migrants. This pattern changed from the 1870s, which reflected improvements in the local economy and the economic recovery of the colony.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Health effects of European colonization: An investigation of skeletal remains from 19th to early 20th century migrant settlers in South Australia

et al. 2022

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“…Individuals from the 19 th century Cadia Cemetery, NSW, Australia [52], and St John's Burial Ground, Milton, Otago, New Zealand, [54], represented contemporary communities (Table 7) that could have had similar lifestyles and occupations (agricultural and industrial -mining, etc. ), to the individuals buried at the St Mary's Cemetery 'free ground' (Table 7).…”

Section: Aim 3: St Mary's Oral Health Findings Compared With Australi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oral Health of a Group of 19th Century South Australian Settlers in Relation to Their General Health and Compared With That of Contemporaneous Samples

Gurr¹,

Henneberg²,

Kumaratilake³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The aims of this study are to determine the oral health status of a rare sample of 19th-century migrant settlers to South Australia, how oral conditions may have influenced their general health, and how the oral health of this group compares with contemporaneous samples in Australia, New Zealand, and Britain. Dentitions of 18 adults and 22 subadults were investigated using non-destructive methods (micro-CT, macroscopic, radiographic). Extensive carious lesions were identified in 17 adults and 4 subadults, from this group 1 subadult and 16 adults had antemortem tooth loss. Sixteen adults showed evidence of periodontal disease. Enamel hypoplastic (EH) defects were identified in 14 adults and 9 subadults. Many individuals with dental defects also had skeletal signs of co-morbidities. South Australian individuals had the same percentage of carious lesions as the British sample (53%), more than other historic Australian samples, but less than a contemporary New Zealand sample. Over 50% of individuals from all the historic cemeteries had EH defects suggesting systemic health insults during dental development were common during the 19th century. The overall oral health of the South Australian settlers was poor but, in some categories, (tooth wear, periapical abscess, periodontal disease), better than the other historic samples.

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“…This is an example of the multiple interactions between factors in oral health and in general health which are components in a multilevel complex interactive network that operated throughout the lives of these individuals. Individuals from the 19th century in Cadia Cemetery, NSW, Australia [52] and St John's Burial Ground, Milton, Otago, New Zealand [54], represented contemporary communities (Tables 8 and 9) that could have had similar lifestyles and occupations (agricultural and industrial-mining, etc.) to the individuals buried at the St Mary's Cemetery 'free ground' (Tables 8 and 9).…”

Section: Aim 2: Oral Health Conditions and General Health Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oral Health of a Group of 19th Century South Australian Settlers in Relation to Their General Health and Compared with That of Contemporaneous Samples

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aims of this study are to determine the oral health status of a rare sample of 19th-century migrant settlers to South Australia, how oral conditions may have influenced their general health, and how the oral health of this group compares with contemporaneous samples in Australia, New Zealand, and Britain. Dentitions of 18 adults and 22 subadults were investigated using non-destructive methods (micro-CT, macroscopic, radiographic). Extensive carious lesions were identified in seventeen adults and four subadults, and from this group one subadult and sixteen adults had antemortem tooth loss. Sixteen adults showed evidence of periodontal disease. Enamel hypoplastic (EH) defects were identified in fourteen adults and nine subadults. Many individuals with dental defects also had skeletal signs of comorbidities. South Australian individuals had the same percentage of carious lesions as the British sample (53%), more than other historic Australian samples, but less than a contemporary New Zealand sample. Over 50% of individuals from all the historic cemeteries had EH defects, suggesting systemic health insults during dental development were common during the 19th century. The overall oral health of the South Australian settlers was poor but, in some categories, (tooth wear, periapical abscess, periodontal disease), better than the other historic samples.

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Living and dying on the edge of the Empire: a bioarchaeological examination of Otago’s early European settlers

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Health effects of European colonization: An investigation of skeletal remains from 19th to early 20th century migrant settlers in South Australia

Health effects of European colonization: An investigation of skeletal remains from 19th to early 20th century migrant settlers in South Australia

The Oral Health of a Group of 19th Century South Australian Settlers in Relation to Their General Health and Compared With That of Contemporaneous Samples

The Oral Health of a Group of 19th Century South Australian Settlers in Relation to Their General Health and Compared with That of Contemporaneous Samples

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