Livestock xenobiotics and zoonoses

Scialabba, Nadia El‐Hage

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823019-0.00013-1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Feed contaminants may be chemical, such as dioxins, endocrine disruptors, pesticides, fertilizers, and detergents, or biological, ranging from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic pathogens to novel organisms (e.g. genetically engineered feed) ( Scialabba 2022 ). Following ingestion, xenobiotics undergo a broad range of detoxication processes to render them less toxic, more polar, and readily excretable ( Patterson et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In livestock species, xenobiotics gain access to the body primarily through feed, drinking water and veterinary drug administration and indeed the 73 xenobiotics identified in the current study mainly mapped to the sub pathways, Food Component/Plant, Drug, Benzoate Metabolism and Chemical. Feed contaminants may be chemical, such as dioxins, endocrine disruptors, pesticides, fertilizers and detergents, or biological, ranging from bacterial, fungal or parasitic pathogens to novel organisms (e.g., genetically-engineered feed) (Scialabba, 2022). Following ingestion, xenobiotics undergo a broad range of detoxication processes to render them less toxic, more polar, and readily excretable (Patterson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Xenobiotic Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical alterations in the follicular fluid of bovine peri-ovulatory follicles and their association with final oocyte maturation

Alrabiah

Simintiras

Evans

et al. 2023

Reproduction and Fertility

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Follicular fluid (FF), a product of vascular transudate and granulosa and thecal cell secretions, is the milieu that has evolved to support oocyte growth and maturation which plays a central role in oocyte quality determination. Therefore, a suboptimal FF composition may be reflected in compromised oocyte progression through maturation, fertilization or embryo development. To date, the composition of bovine FF remains understudied. To address this, we comprehensively characterized the metabolomic constituency of bovine FF in the period during which the oocyte undergoes meiotic maturation. More specifically, FF from pre (-24 h) and peri (-2 h) -ovulatory follicles was profiled by high-throughput untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy. A total of 634 metabolites were identified, comprising: lipids (37.1%), amino acids (30.0%), xenobiotics (11.5%), nucleotides (6.8%), carbohydrates (4.4%), cofactors and vitamins (4.4%), peptides (3.6%) and energy substrates (2.1%). The concentrations of 67 metabolites were significantly affected by stage of follicle development, 33.3% (n=21) were reduced (P≤0.05) by a mean of 9.0-fold, whereas 46 were elevated (P≤0.05) by a mean of 1.7-fold in peri vs. pre -ovulatory FF. The most pronounced individual metabolite concentration decreases were hypoxanthine (98.9-fold), xanthine (65.7-fold), 17β-oestradiol (12.4-fold), and inosine (4.6-fold). In contrast, the greatest increases were in retinal (4.9-fold), 1-methyl-5-imidazoleacetate (2.7-fold), and isovalerylcarnitine (2.7-fold). This global metabolomic analysis of bovine FF temporal dynamics provides new information for understanding the environment supporting oocyte maturation and facilitating ovulation, that has the potential for improving oocyte quality both in vivo and in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xenobiotic Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical alterations in the follicular fluid of bovine peri-ovulatory follicles and their association with final oocyte maturation

Alrabiah

Simintiras

Evans

et al. 2023

Reproduction and Fertility

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“…In fact, China's average per capita pork consumption has already exceeded the recommended amount in nutritional guidelines (Liu et al, 2021;Li & Shi, 2021). And while the rapid development of the pig-rearing sector has improved people's lives, it has also led to serious environmental pollution and health problems, including food safety (additives in feed) pollution from breeding operations (waste products and dead pigs) veterinary drug residues, and zoonotic diseases (Tian et al, 2021;Scialabba, 2022). Tensions between the goals of policies relating to pig-breading, to the nutrition and health of consumers, to environmental protection, and to rural livelihoods, are increasingly apparent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peasants and Pork: The Changing Contribution of Pig Farming to Rural Livelihoods

Chen¹,

Gong²,

Yang³

2022

JSS

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Drawing on data from the National Agricultural Censuses and the National Rural Fixed Observation Point Survey , this article provides a holistic review of China's pig breeding development during the last three decades. Pig farming had developed from extremely small-scale rearing in the mid-1980s to large scale husbandry in the mid-1990s, yet a majority of pigs were still reared by individual agricultural households. From the mid-1990s, individual pig breeders began to withdraw because of the growing opportunity cost of labor and the falling need for organic manure in agricultural activities. Small-scale pig farming has been replaced by highly commercialized and specialized companies who have further collaborated with expert large-scale pig farming households to form a whole pig breeding and sales chain. But even now, pig rearing is still important to the livelihoods of poor rural households. Policies and subsidies should be in place to protect the interests of individual breeders.

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Assessment of Uptake, Accumulation and Degradation of Paracetamol in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Badar

Shanableh

El‐Keblawy

et al. 2022

Plants

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The occurrence and persistence of pharmaceuticals in the food chain, particularly edible crops, can adversely affect human and environmental health. In this study, the impacts of the absorption, translocation, accumulation, and degradation of paracetamol in different organs of the leafy vegetable crop spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were assessed under controlled laboratory conditions. Spinach plants were exposed to 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 200 mg/L paracetamol in 20% Hoagland solution at the vegetative phase in a hydroponic system. Exposed plants exhibited pronounced phytotoxic effects during the eight days trial period, with highly significant reductions seen in the plants’ morphological parameters. The increasing paracetamol stress levels adversely affected the plants’ photosynthetic machinery, altering the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm and PSII), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b and carotenoid contents), and composition of essential nutrients and elements. The LC-MS results indicated that the spinach organs receiving various paracetamol levels on day four exhibited significant uptake and translocation of the drug from roots to aerial parts, while degradation of the drug was observed after eight days. The VITEK® 2 system identified several bacterial strains (e.g., members of Burkhulderia, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas and Kocuria) isolated from spinach shoots and roots. These microbes have the potential to biodegrade paracetamol and other organic micro-pollutants. Our findings provide novel insights to mitigate the risks associated with pharmaceutical pollution in the environment and explore the bioremediation potential of edible crops and their associated microbial consortium to remove these pollutants effectively.

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Livestock xenobiotics and zoonoses

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Biochemical alterations in the follicular fluid of bovine peri-ovulatory follicles and their association with final oocyte maturation

Biochemical alterations in the follicular fluid of bovine peri-ovulatory follicles and their association with final oocyte maturation

Peasants and Pork: The Changing Contribution of Pig Farming to Rural Livelihoods

Assessment of Uptake, Accumulation and Degradation of Paracetamol in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

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