Liver Stiffness Using Transient Elastography is Applicable to Canines for Hepatic Disease Models

Rivero‐Juárez, Antonio; Morgaz, Juán; Camacho, Ángela; Muñoz-Rascón, Pilar; Domínguez, Juan M.; Sánchez-Céspedes, R.; Torre‐Cisneros, Julián

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041557

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, as this study is one of the first of its kind in the veterinary literature, and no other results were available for comparison, it was not known what constituted an accurate or inaccurate result and therefore discarding any result without a reason was not considered valid. The liver stiffness results obtained from 13 normal dogs by another group using transient elastography (FibroScan, Echosens, Paris, France) cannot be compared to the results of this study as the units are different (kiloPascals, kPa, rather than m/s as in this study) and cannot be interconverted. Elastography has the potential to be considerably more challenging in animals than humans, since we cannot request conscious patients to breath hold or remain still; it is therefore logical that the values obtained are likely to be more variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Strain elastography has been used to characterize the metacarpal tendons in clinically normal horses and was found to be a feasible, repeatable, and reproducible technique; however, further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical utility for evaluation of musculoskeletal disease . Quantitative elastographic measurements have been used for hepatic evaluation in 13 healthy dogs using transient elastography (Fibroscan, Echosens, Paris, France), which was found to be a reproducible technique, although the quality of the results obtained varied with the position of the transducer . Transient elastography uses a mechanical vibration device coupled to the ultrasound transducer to generate shear waves, rather than a push‐pulse as with acoustic radiation force impulse elastography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastography of the Normal Canine Liver, Spleen and Kidneys

Holdsworth

Bradley

Birch

et al. 2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Elastography is a simple, expedient and noninvasive technique that may be used to assess the elasticity or stiffness of a tissue, in conjunction with traditional B-mode ultrasonography. Quantitative assessment of tissue stiffness can be made which involves measurement of the shear wave velocity within the tissue of interest. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of elastography for clinical use in the abdomen of conscious small animals and to investigate factors that affect shear wave velocity measurement. Elastography was performed on the liver, spleen, and kidneys of 15 dogs at predefined depths within the parenchyma. Breed, age, gender, neuter status, and weight were documented for each animal. Depth at which measurements were taken had a significant negative relationship with the shear wave velocity value obtained. Individual dog effects, such as weight and gender, also appeared to have a significant effect on the shear wave velocity measurement for specific organs; weight had a significant positive effect on the shear wave velocity for each of the organs examined, whereas the effect of gender was inconsistent between organs (having a positive effect for the liver and a negative effect for the spleen). It is hoped that these results may act as a baseline to guide further work into the field of elastography in companion animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastography of the Normal Canine Liver, Spleen and Kidneys

Holdsworth

Bradley

Birch

et al. 2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Ultrasonographic elastography is also useful for determining the sampling site for fine‐needle aspiration or biopsy to prevent nondiagnostic or faulty results caused by a poor‐quality or low‐cellularity sample, particularly from hard tissues . In the field of veterinary medicine, ultrasonographic elastography is only applied to a few organs in some animals, including the normal feline liver, kidneys, and spleen; the canine spleen; and the equine tendon using strain elastography and the canine mammary gland tumor; the normal canine liver, spleen, kidneys, and the canine liver disease model using shear‐wave or transient elastography . In canine elastography, the splenic nodule were evaluated using subjective scoring compared to contrast enhanced ultrasound, and other canine elastographic studies using shear‐wave or transient elastography reports evaluate feasibility of canine organs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic Elastography of the Liver, Spleen, Kidneys, and Prostate in Clinically Normal Beagle Dogs

Jeon

Lee

et al. 2015

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Standard ultrasonography is often insensitive for distinguishing normal vs. diseased states for canine abdominal organs. Ultrasonographic elastography is a new technique that is becoming increasingly available and may help to improve sensitivity. This study evaluated the feasibility, repeatability, and reproducibility of strain elastography of the liver, spleen, kidneys, and prostate in healthy dogs and described the elasticity of each organ using strain values and strain ratios. The reproducibility of strain elastography was excellent, and intraobserver repeatability was moderate to excellent. The strain value of each organ was not significantly different among dogs (liver = 143.38 ± 7.41, spleen = 141.04 ± 9.03, left renal cortex = 141.26 ± 7.50, right renal cortex = 145.80 ± 7.79, and prostate = 135.46 ± 5.80), except for the renal medulla (left = 51.19 ± 4.54 and right = 51.93 ± 5.09) (P < 0.05). The strain ratios for the liver, spleen, renal cortex, and prostate were similar with no significant difference (liver = 10.20 ± 1.47, spleen = 8.40 ± 1.53, left renal cortex = 9.62 ± 1.56, right renal cortex = 8.29 ± 1.63, and prostate = 8.20 ± 1.21), except for the renal medulla (left = 3.48 ± 0.68 and right = 2.95 ± 0.63) (P < 0.05). Our results indicated that strain elastography was feasible for estimating tissue stiffness in the canine liver, spleen, kidneys, and prostate. This study provides basic information for strain values and strain ratios for the liver, spleen, kidneys, and prostate in clinically normal dogs. C 2015 American College of Veterinary Radiology.

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“…In this scenario, ultrasound and elastography techniques have been used to diagnose and evaluate liver disorders in both humans 21,22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and animals [32][33][34][35][36] . Normal values of liver and spleen stiffness in healthy meso and dolichocephalic dogs measured by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) elastography are already reported in the literature 37,38 and recently higher values of liver stiffness were also described in humans affected by severe OSA 30 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver and spleen elastography of dogs affected by brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome and its correlation with clinical biomarkers

Facin

Uscátegui

Maronezi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The purpose of this study is to determine whether the brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is correlated to alterations in liver and spleen elasticity. Forty-eight brachycephalic and 22 mesocephalic dogs were submitted to a BOAS functional assessment, laboratory tests, abdominal ultrasound and liver and spleen Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) elastography. Dogs clinically affected by BOAS had higher values of liver stiffness (p < 0.001) than healthy dogs: medial lobes (1.57 ± 0.37 m/s), left and right lateral lobes (1.54 ± 0.50 m/s, 1.23 ± 0.28 m/s, respectively) and caudate lobe (1.28 ± 0.42 m/s). Compared to the mesocephalic group, the brachycephalic group (BOAS clinically affected and unaffected dogs) had higher spleen (2.51 ± 0.45 m/s; p < 0.001) and liver stiffness (p < 0.001): medial lobes (1.53 ± 0.37 m/s), left and right lateral lobes (1.47 ± 0.47 m/s, 1.20 ± 0.30 m/s, respectively) and caudate lobe (1.23 ± 0.40 m/s). Principal component analysis explained 70% of the variances composed by liver stiffness increase, erythrocytes and alanine aminotransferase reduction. Brachycephalic dogs had higher spleen and liver stiffness and a subacute inflammatory state, which represent another BOAS systemic effect. Consequently, these dogs can be at higher risk of hepatic disorders compared with mesocephalic dogs, similarly to humans affected by sleep apnea syndrome.

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Liver Stiffness Using Transient Elastography is Applicable to Canines for Hepatic Disease Models

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Elastography of the Normal Canine Liver, Spleen and Kidneys

Elastography of the Normal Canine Liver, Spleen and Kidneys

Ultrasonographic Elastography of the Liver, Spleen, Kidneys, and Prostate in Clinically Normal Beagle Dogs

Liver and spleen elastography of dogs affected by brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome and its correlation with clinical biomarkers

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