Liver progenitor cell-driven liver regeneration

So, Juhoon; Kim, Angie; Lee, Seung‐Hoon; Shin, Donghun

doi:10.1038/s12276-020-0483-0

Cited by 53 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(192 reference statements)

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“…Several years ago, a population of oval cells located in the canals of Hering was described, and it was thought that they participate in regenerating the liver when it is severely damaged. Now, lineage tracing techniques have revealed that BECs dedifferentiate into liver progenitor cells (LPCs), which are none other than the oval cells, and then, they differentiate into hepatocytes (So et al, 2020). This mechanism is known as LPC-driven liver regeneration.…”

Section: From Phenotypic Fidelity To Cell Plasticity In the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver regeneration observed across the different classes of vertebrates from an evolutionary perspective

Delgado–Coello

2021

Heliyon

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The liver is a key organ that performs diverse functions such as metabolic processing of nutrients or disposal of dangerous substances (xenobiotics). Accordingly, it seems to be protected by several mechanisms throughout the life of organisms, one of which is compensatory hyperplasia, also known as liver regeneration. This review is a recapitulation of the scientific reports describing the different ways in which the various classes of vertebrates deal with liver injuries, where since mammals have an improved molecular toolkit, exhibit optimized regeneration of the liver compared to lower vertebrates. The main molecules involved in the compensatory process, such as proinflammatory and inhibitory cytokines, are analyzed across vertebrates with an evolutionary perspective. In addition, the possible significance of this mechanism is discussed in the context of the long life span of vertebrates, especially in the case of mammals.

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Section: From Phenotypic Fidelity To Cell Plasticity In the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver regeneration observed across the different classes of vertebrates from an evolutionary perspective

Delgado–Coello

2021

Heliyon

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“…Liver injury can also trigger cholangiocyte proliferation and expansion in the liver parenchyma, a process known as ductular reaction (Roskams et al, 2004). Importantly, cholangiocytes can de-differentiate in vivo into bipotent liver progenitors that give rise to both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes (Itoh and Miyajima, 2014;Ko et al, 2020;So et al, 2020). The role of cholangiocytes in liver regeneration has been extensively debated.…”

Section: Hepatocytes and Cholangiocytes Exhibit Remarkable Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of Cell-Fate Changes That Determine Adult Liver Regeneration After Injury

Aloia

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The adult liver has excellent regenerative potential following injury. In contrast to other organs of the body that have high cellular turnover during homeostasis (e.g., intestine, stomach, and skin), the adult liver is a slowly self-renewing organ and does not contain a defined stem-cell compartment that maintains homeostasis. However, tissue damage induces significant proliferation across the liver and can trigger cell-fate changes, such as trans-differentiation and de-differentiation into liver progenitors, which contribute to efficient tissue regeneration and restoration of liver functions. Epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to regulate cell-fate decisions in both embryonic and adult tissues in response to environmental cues. Underlying their relevance in liver biology, expression levels and epigenetic activity of chromatin modifiers are often altered in chronic liver disease and liver cancer. In this review, I examine the role of several chromatin modifiers in the regulation of cell-fate changes that determine efficient adult liver epithelial regeneration in response to tissue injury in mouse models. Specifically, I focus on epigenetic mechanisms such as chromatin remodelling, DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, and histone methylation and deacetylation. Finally, I address how altered epigenetic mechanisms and the interplay between epigenetics and metabolism may contribute to the initiation and progression of liver disease and cancer.

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“…Hepatocyte-driven liver regeneration that involves the proliferation of pre-existing hepatocytes is a primary regeneration mode. Another mode is liver progenitor cell (LPC)-driven and involves dedifferentiation of biliary epithelial cells or hepatocytes into LPCs [ 48 ].…”

Section: Metabolite Supply For Liver Function and Energy Supply Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria at Work: New Insights into Regulation and Dysregulation of Cellular Energy Supply and Metabolism

Schirrmacher¹

2020

Biomedicines

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Mitochondria are of great relevance to health, and their dysregulation is associated with major chronic diseases. Research on mitochondria—156 brand new publications from 2019 and 2020—have contributed to this review. Mitochondria have been fundamental for the evolution of complex organisms. As important and semi-autonomous organelles in cells, they can adapt their function to the needs of the respective organ. They can program their function to energy supply (e.g., to keep heart muscle cells going, life-long) or to metabolism (e.g., to support hepatocytes and liver function). The capacity of mitochondria to re-program between different options is important for all cell types that are capable of changing between a resting state and cell proliferation, such as stem cells and immune cells. Major chronic diseases are characterized by mitochondrial dysregulation. This will be exemplified by cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, immune system disorders, and cancer. New strategies for intervention in chronic diseases will be presented. The tumor microenvironment can be considered a battlefield between cancer and immune defense, competing for energy supply and metabolism. Cancer cachexia is considered as a final stage of cancer progression. Nevertheless, the review will present an example of complete remission of cachexia via immune cell transfer. These findings should encourage studies along the lines of mitochondria, energy supply, and metabolism.

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Liver progenitor cell-driven liver regeneration

Cited by 53 publications

References 115 publications

Liver regeneration observed across the different classes of vertebrates from an evolutionary perspective

Liver regeneration observed across the different classes of vertebrates from an evolutionary perspective

Epigenetic Regulation of Cell-Fate Changes That Determine Adult Liver Regeneration After Injury

Mitochondria at Work: New Insights into Regulation and Dysregulation of Cellular Energy Supply and Metabolism

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