Abstract:Background: Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) are potentially malignant tumors, and their most common location of metastasis is the liver. Objectives: In this report, we will describe our experience with some clinical and pathologic findings of hepatic metastasis in a group of cases of GI-NETs at the largest referral center of GI and liver diseases in south Iran.
Materials and Methods:In this four-year study (2011 -2014), all GI and liver NETs were extracted from the pathology files of hospitals… Show more
“…However, it is still appropriate on the basis of our data to assume that a potentially radical resection correlates with a relatively long-term cure, with evidence that a 3-year OS of 24.68% was observed. The treatment role of surgical debulking in asymptomatic patients with the multifocality of the liver lesions and in patients where an R0/R1 resection cannot be achieved remain therapeutic dilemmas 19 , 20 . Besides, some nonliver-directed treatment strategies such as the octreotide injection and systematic chemotherapy have also achieved a certain effect in dealing with the invasion of NETs 21 .…”
Aims: We aim to describe the clinicopathological characteristics of hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (HNETs) and evaluate the relevant prognosis-related factors.Methods: The clinical data of 81 consecutive patients with primary or metastatic HNETs from March 2000 to July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The mean (SD) age was 59.68 (11.64) years, 69.15% were men. The percentages of Grade G1, G2 and G3 tumors were 4.94%, 25.93% and 69.13%, respectively. Thirty-five cases were primary HNETs. Primary HNETs were more common in patients with larger tumors, lymph nodes invasions, tumor necrosis and portal vein tumor thrombus. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rate were 88.89%, 32.10%, and 8.64%, separately. The relapse rate was 81.48% (66/81) and the mean (SD) relapse time was 18.79 (10.99) months. Reduced survival rate was associated with lymph node metastases (P=0.034), tumor necrosis (P=0.048), hard texture of tumor character (P=0.001), multifocality of tumor numbers (P=0.043), and the immunohistochemical expression of NSE (P=0.000) and Syn (P=0.037). Patients with metastatic HNETs were demonstrated with a more decreased period of Progression-free Survival (PFS) and Overall survival (OS) than their primary HNETs counterparts (P<0.05).Conclusion: Primary HNETs cohort patients were more common with aggressive clinical presentation. The hard texture of tumor character, multifocality of tumor numbers, and the immunohistochemical expression of NSE and Syn were independent predictive factors. Patients who were pathologically diagnosed as the primary HNETs seemed to achieve a long-term survival.
“…However, it is still appropriate on the basis of our data to assume that a potentially radical resection correlates with a relatively long-term cure, with evidence that a 3-year OS of 24.68% was observed. The treatment role of surgical debulking in asymptomatic patients with the multifocality of the liver lesions and in patients where an R0/R1 resection cannot be achieved remain therapeutic dilemmas 19 , 20 . Besides, some nonliver-directed treatment strategies such as the octreotide injection and systematic chemotherapy have also achieved a certain effect in dealing with the invasion of NETs 21 .…”
Aims: We aim to describe the clinicopathological characteristics of hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (HNETs) and evaluate the relevant prognosis-related factors.Methods: The clinical data of 81 consecutive patients with primary or metastatic HNETs from March 2000 to July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The mean (SD) age was 59.68 (11.64) years, 69.15% were men. The percentages of Grade G1, G2 and G3 tumors were 4.94%, 25.93% and 69.13%, respectively. Thirty-five cases were primary HNETs. Primary HNETs were more common in patients with larger tumors, lymph nodes invasions, tumor necrosis and portal vein tumor thrombus. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rate were 88.89%, 32.10%, and 8.64%, separately. The relapse rate was 81.48% (66/81) and the mean (SD) relapse time was 18.79 (10.99) months. Reduced survival rate was associated with lymph node metastases (P=0.034), tumor necrosis (P=0.048), hard texture of tumor character (P=0.001), multifocality of tumor numbers (P=0.043), and the immunohistochemical expression of NSE (P=0.000) and Syn (P=0.037). Patients with metastatic HNETs were demonstrated with a more decreased period of Progression-free Survival (PFS) and Overall survival (OS) than their primary HNETs counterparts (P<0.05).Conclusion: Primary HNETs cohort patients were more common with aggressive clinical presentation. The hard texture of tumor character, multifocality of tumor numbers, and the immunohistochemical expression of NSE and Syn were independent predictive factors. Patients who were pathologically diagnosed as the primary HNETs seemed to achieve a long-term survival.
“…By virtue of its rich dual blood supply, the liver appears to be the most common site for metastasis of various tumors including NENs as shown by previous studies [ 12 ]. It is crucial to locate the primary site for metastatic liver NETs in terms of prognosis and survival; however, in approximately 11-14% of cases, the primary site for metastatic liver NETs cannot be determined [ 13 ].…”
Introduction Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with histological features varying from well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETs) to poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (PDNECs). In this study, we investigated the clinicomorphological spectrum of NENs including tumor grade, site of origin, and metastasis. Methods We retrospectively studied 125 cases of NENs (at the Department of Histopathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi) between the years 2014 and 2020. Slides of these cases were retrieved from the departmental archives and were evaluated for the tumor type, grade, and site of origin. Results The mean age of the patients was 51.25±16.10 years. Overall, the liver was the most common site of the tumor (27.2%), followed by the small bowel (15.2%). Grade 2 was the most common tumor grade (40.8%), and most of the tumors were primary (68.8%). A total of 84.8% of the tumors were WDNETs/carcinoids, while 15.2% were PDNEC. The small bowel was the most common site of primary NENs, followed by the stomach and lung. Among primary neuroendocrine tumors, patients with PDNEC were significantly noted to have a higher mean age than WDNET/carcinoid. Similarly, PDNEC had a higher ki67 index than WDNET/carcinoid. For metastatic NENs, the liver was the most common site of metastasis (71.8%) with the GI/pancreatobiliary tract being the most common primary site of origin (51.3%). Tumors with primary lung origin were found to have a higher tumor grade than primary GI/pancreatobiliary tract origin NENs (p<0.0001). Conclusion In this study, we found that the small intestine and liver were the most common sites for primary and metastatic NENs, respectively. Moreover, primary PDNECs were associated with a higher mean age than WDNETs. Alternatively, metastatic NENs with primary lung origin had a higher tumor grade than primary GI/pancreatobiliary tract origin.
“…Most commonly, the Neuroendocrine tumors are seen in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and bronchopulmonary tract [5] . Till date, about 150 cases have only been reported in literature [6] .…”
Liver is the most common site for neuroendocrine metastasis. However, primary neuroendocrine tumor is a rare focal hepatic lesion with a better prognosis than hepatocellular carcinoma and other malignant hepatic lesions. We present a case of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor in a 38-year-old female patient with a radiological diagnosis of atypical focal hepatic lesion, and a confirmed diagnosis on histopathology. Few radiology features like predominant cystic component with absence of focal lesion at any other site, aids the imaging diagnosis of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor.
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