Liver fungal infections: an overview of the etiology and epidemiology in patients affected or not affected by oncohematologic malignancies

Fiore, Marco; Cascella, Marco; Bimonte, Sabrina; Maraolo, Alberto Enrico; Gentile, Ivan; Schiavone, Vincenzo; Pace, Maria Caterina

doi:10.2147/idr.s152473

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…During IAC, fungal cells dissemination reach the liver and other organs via lymphatics or bloodstream (6). Liver tissue damage and leukocytosis are hallmarks of deep-seated and systemic C. albicans infection (32). To establish a fungal IAC model and determine the role of S100A8/A9 in systemic inflammation, we used S100A9 -deficient mice ( S100A9 -/- ) that also lack the S100A8 protein on the protein level despite normal S100A8 RNA level and thus actually represent a functional S100A8/A9 double knockout mouse strain (33).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

S100A8/A9 modulates inflammatory collateral tissue damage during intraperitoneal origin systemic candidiasis

Shankar

Uwamahoro

Holmberg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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15Peritonitis is a leading cause of severe sepsis in surgical intensive care units, as 16 over 70% of patients diagnosed with peritonitis develop septic shock. A critical role of 17 65 non-mucosal fungal diseases among hospitalized patients in the developed world are 66Candida peritonitis, also referred to as intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC). IAC is 67 challenging to diagnose and hence results in high mortality rates ranging from 25% -68

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

S100A8/A9 modulates inflammatory collateral tissue damage during intraperitoneal origin systemic candidiasis

Shankar

Uwamahoro

Holmberg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…(5) which cause of HB was considered a posteriori by the expert panel? Etiologic diagnoses of HB were established by the expert panel according to pre-established definitions of GvHD (15), SOS (17), haemophagocytic syndrome (19), hypoxic hepatitis (29), sepsis (11),viral hepatitis (30), liver fungal infections (10), drug induced liver injury (31).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liver abnormalities are common in critically ill patients with hematological malignancies and is reported after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (1,2), targeted therapies, immunoconjugate antibodies and immunotherapies (3)(4)(5). Causes are frequently multifactorial, including drug-induced liver injury (DILI) (6)(7)(8), transfusional iron overload (9), infections (10), sepsis (11), prolonged parenteral nutrition (12), underlying hepatic disease (13) and cancer-related complications such as tumoral infiltration (14), hepatic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after allogenic HSCT (allo-HSCT) (15), sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) (16,17), tumor lysis syndrome (18) and haemophagocytic syndrome (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Hyperbilirubinemia in Critically Ill Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Post-hoc Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Multinational Study

Bisbal¹,

Darmon²,

Saillard³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundThe evidence on the clinical significance of hyperbilirubinemia (HB) in critically ill patients with hematological malignancies is scarce. We therefore studied its burden in a 2010-2011 Franco-Belgian multicenter prospective study designed to evaluate the prognosis of these patients.Patients and methodsThe cohort comprised 893 patients from 17 centers, 61% men, with a median (interquartile range) age of 60 (49 – 70) years, and preferentially with underlying non-Hodgkin lymphoma (32%) or acute myeloid leukemia (27%). HB was defined as a total serum bilirubin ≥ 33 µmol/L at intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Our main goal was to evaluate the relationship between HB and outcome of critically ill hematological patients. Causes and management of HB in the ICU were analyzed as secondary end points.ResultsHB concerned 185 (21%) patients. Cyclosporine and antimicrobial treatments, ascites and cirrhosis, acute kidney injury, neutropenia, and myeloma (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] 0.38, p=0.006) were risk factors. Hospital mortality was 56.3% and 36.3% in patients with and without HB, respectively (p<0.0001 with the log-rank test). Adjusted for severity of illness, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of HB for in-hospital mortality was 1.86 (1.28, 2.72). HB was overlooked by the ICU team for 92 (53%) patients. Overwise, liver workups for HB led to treatment modifications in 32 (40%) patients, including chemotherapy for cancer progression that was associated with reduced mortality with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.23, (p=0.02).ConclusionHB is associated with outcome of critically ill hematological adult patients and should be systematically explored and treated.

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“…It typically presents in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies and receiving chemotherapy [ 2 ]. However, fungal infections account for <2% of the isolates in hepatic abscesses in immunocompetent patients [ 3 ]. Non-specific clinical presentations and low blood culture yield to identify candida make the diagnosis a challenging prospect [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Candidiasis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Diagnostic Challenge

Moazzam

Yousaf

Iqbal

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Hepatic candidiasis is a manifestation of disseminated candidiasis, which typically presents in immunocompromised patients. Focal hepatic candidiasis in immunocompetent patients, however, is infrequent/extremely rare. We present the case of an immunocompetent female patient who presented with respiratory distress and right-sided pleural effusion. The pleural fluid tap did not grow anything, and a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a right liver lobe subcapsular collection. CTguided aspiration and culture resulted in Candida albicans growth. The patient responded to oral fluconazole, and a follow-up CT scan demonstrated resolution of the collection. Although hepatic candidiasis rarely occurs in immunocompetent patients, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of hepatic abscesses, as timely diagnosis and management are crucial in conferring a good prognosis.

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Liver fungal infections: an overview of the etiology and epidemiology in patients affected or not affected by oncohematologic malignancies

Cited by 24 publications

References 81 publications

S100A8/A9 modulates inflammatory collateral tissue damage during intraperitoneal origin systemic candidiasis

S100A8/A9 modulates inflammatory collateral tissue damage during intraperitoneal origin systemic candidiasis

The Burden of Hyperbilirubinemia in Critically Ill Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Post-hoc Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Multinational Study

Hepatic Candidiasis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Diagnostic Challenge

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