Liver abscess complicating embolization of focal nodular hyperplasia

Complications of Therapeutic Transcatheter Embolization

“…Liver abscess is a rarer complication of Gelfoam embolization and so is not expected. 1,69 Part of the postembolization syndrome in patients with hepatic tumors undoubtedly is related to gallbladder ischemia. Nakamura et al found ischemic changes in the gallbladder of seven of eight patients who had subsequent surgery for resection of their tumors.…”

Bland Embolization of Benign Liver Tumors: Review of the Literature and a Single Center Experience

“…Historically, surgical resection of benign liver tumors was the only available treatment option, but it came with a high complication rate of 9-25% [5,6]. Transarterial embolization of benign liver tumors was first described in 1979 [7] and has shown promise as a safe, effective, and less invasive treatment modality with fewer complications compared to surgical intervention. Multiple studies have shown tumor regression and symptomatic improvement with this treatment, thereby foregoing the need for surgical intervention [8].…”

Managing Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver: Surgery or Minimally-invasive Approaches? A Review of the Preferable Treatment Options

“…All lesions becoming symptomatic or developing an increase in tumor size should deserve treatment. Traditionally, open or laparoscopic resection of FNH (associated or not with hepatic artery ligation) has been advocated as the preferred curative treatment in the case of changes in clinic, radiological or clinicoradiological characteristics (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). However, there are only limited data evaluating the risk-benefit balance following this type of measure: the morbidity rate has been reported to reach 27% and 9% after open and laparoscopic surgery, respectively, with a mortality rate of 2% (1,5).…”

“…iv) Transarterial embolization. We found only 17 articles dealing with TAE applied to FNH (Table I) (1,(3)(4)(5)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Altogether, 128 patients with FNH patients were effectively treated: TAE was performed at least once per patient.…”

“…Altogether, 128 patients with FNH patients were effectively treated: TAE was performed at least once per patient. Usual indications were unresectable lesions with/without symptoms, patients unfit for surgery, necessity of sparing normal hepatic parenchyma, multiple FNHs, patient refusal to undergo surgery and pediatric patients (1,(3)(4)(5)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Additionally, TAE has also been used as a form of bridge therapy to surgery in selected cases for size reduction and pain control (5,16).…”