Liver

doi:10.1002/9781118828007.ch4

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Pacheco’s disease, as it is known, has occurred in Brazil, but there have been few reports of the disease in recent years. The clinical signs are nonspecific [ 25 , 26 ], which may explain the lack of clinical suspicion of the disease. In the present study, viruses confirmed by PCR and histopathology were associated with mortality in Psittaciformes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This metabolic disease is caused by an inadequate diet. In captive birds, the diet is often based on lipid-rich foods, such as sunflower seeds, which result in greater deposition of fatty acids in the liver [ 25 , 41 ]. In birds confiscated from illegal trade, lipidosis can be explained by a lack of or poor feeding conditions during transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urate deposition is also an important metabolic disease in this study, both in wild and captive birds. The deposition of this nitrogenous compound in birds is usually caused by dehydration, excessive dietary protein consumption secondary to kidney damage [ 41 ], or excessive sodium consumption [ 25 ]. In captive birds, management errors that lead to dehydration or excess protein may be predisposing factors [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey of Diseases in Different Species of Wild, Captive, and Illegally Traded Birds in Brazil

Lacerda,

de Magalhães Santos,

Lopes

et al. 2023

Animals

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Native and exotic avian species can act as reservoirs of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, with conservation and public health implications. A retrospective study on the diagnosis and frequency of diseases in wild and exotic avian species was conducted. The occurrence of particular diseases was associated with the type of captivity or the bird’s origin. The investigation included macroscopic and microscopic descriptions and the molecular determination of the causative agent(s). Additional immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, PCR, and genetic sequencing were conducted. A total of 243 cases were compiled for the study, mainly consisting of native wild species (39.1%) obtained from illegal trade. Primary infectious diseases, mainly parasitic (18.1%) and viral (17.7%), were the most common, although coinfections were substantial (18.1%) in birds rescued from trafficking. Fractures and neoplasms accounted for 3.7% and 3.3% of the cases, respectively. Parasitic and viral diseases were the most common in both exotic and wild birds. Chlamydia psittaci, a lethal and zoonotic bacterium, was an important cause of death, especially in native Psittaciformes. The recent detection of Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 5 (PsAHV 5) in exotic psittacines and the diagnosis of coinfections in trafficked birds highlight the importance of monitoring avian health to control potential pathogens that may endanger conservation efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%