Livelihood, WASH related hardships and needs assessment of climate migrants: evidence from urban slums in Bangladesh

Khan, Md. Ayatullah

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09355

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…In case of slum areas, nearly every slum in Bangladesh reported having a severe lack of drinking water during the survey. Moreover, when it comes to access to clean water, slum residents are faced with a terrible situation during Covid‐19 pandemic 19 . A research was conducted to see the changes of before and after to improve the intervention, the prevalence of childhood diarrhea remained equal in both groups 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of water, hygiene, and sanitation practice and associated factors among Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study

Sifullah,

Sohel,

Jamil

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsThe global significance of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) cannot be overstated, extending far beyond the confines of developing nations and encompassing even the most developed ones. This study, rooted in the Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh, seeks to underscore the universality of WASH concerns.MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional design and a structured questionnaire, we conducted a meticulous evaluation of WASH practices with 313 participants selected through random sampling.ResultsFindings shows the water practice, among all of them, only 4.8% of the respondents were very happy with the water supply system and 16.0% of the respondents were happy with this. A total of 29.7% of the respondents were satisfied with safe drinking water and only 4.8% of the respondents were very satisfied with safe drinking water. Regarding the hygiene practice, among all respondents, 10.2% of them were satisfied with using the same bathroom by multiple people. Only 5.4% respondents were happy in their living environment. Regarding sanitation practice, only 31.3% had private toilet facilities. Among all of the respondents, 13.7% of the respondents were satisfied with using the same toilet by multiple people. Respondents who were illiterate (p < 0.01) and self‐employed (p < 0.04) were satisfied with the water supply. Similarly, respondents who were illiterate (p < 0.03) and self‐employed (p < 0.00) were satisfied with safe drinking water. Respondents who were illiterate (p < 0.02) and whose monthly income was below 8000 BDT (p < 0.00) were satisfied using same bathroom by multiple people. Respondents who were self‐employed (p < 0.01), whose monthly income 8000–12,000 BDT (p < 0.01) and having single room (p < 0.00) were satisfied using the same toilet by multiple people.ConclusionEnhanced access to safe WASH facilities, coupled with a comprehensive understanding of the study's findings, have the potential to serve as vital signposts for the development and implementation of policies and interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of water, hygiene, and sanitation practice and associated factors among Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study

Sifullah,

Sohel,

Jamil

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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“…In reality, shing and shery-related other activities are the sector of low-wage earnings (Sadekin et al, 2021, Sunny et al, 2021, and the earnings were insu cient to support the livelihoods of 4-5 members of C&MF's family, almost all of whom were in debt. Moreover, because of living very adjacent to the shoreline, the livelihood resources, including household assets and earning capitals like aquaculture farms (gher) and ponds, shing logistics, shing gear (nets), crafts ( shing boats/trawlers), sh traps, household livestock, poultry, etc., of coastal shing communities and other coastal shery actors were damaged due to CCI disasters (CCDB, 2017, Islam and Hasan, 2016, Ghosh, et al, 2018, Khan, M.A 2022, Hossain et al, 2019, Islam M. A. et al, 2021, Mirza et al, 2015, Uzzaman M. A., 2014, Minar et al, 2013, Shaw et al, 2013. Findings in this regard also showed that the destructive CCI incidences, such as cyclones and oods, the severity of the disaster, and the duration of the disaster were signi cantly linked to the damage to livelihood assets, including physical and nancial assets (living house, sheries, livestock, poultry, and nancial penalty for the work-day loss), and also signi cantly associated with the requirement of receiving damage recovery loans from the moneylenders or Mahajons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and Risk of Livelihood Asset Damage due to Climate Change-Induced Disasters of the Coastal Fisher of Bangladesh

Islam

Shahrear

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude and risk of livelihood asset damage due to climate change-induced disasters for the coastal fishermen of Bangladesh. Method Using a random sampling technique, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 338 coastal dwelling fishers and other coastal fishery actors from 11 coastal districts. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data following the face-to-face interview method. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Results Findings revealed that more than 90% of the participants lived within 3.5 kilometers of the coastal zones and had to struggle against at least three (range: 1–8) moderate to highly severe CCI disasters, including recurring floods, waterlogging, and cyclones, within the last five years. Consequently, 92% of C&MFs have lost livelihood assets, including physical and financial assets (living houses, fisheries, household livestock, and poultry). It was found that each C&MF (coastal and marine fishermen) household is recurrently losing an average of 9183 BDT annually in only three physical assets. Consequently, only about 0.6 million registered C&MFs are losing around 5,509 million BDT (equivalent to about $64.81 million US dollars) annually in Bangladesh. Thus, every one million HH of coastal and marine fishermen and other coastal fishery actors face financial losses of 9183 million BDT (equivalent to about $108.04 million) every year only in three physical assets. Each million C&MF households, on the other hand, borrows approximately 7301 million BDT (equivalent to $85.89 million) per year to cover household expenditure shortfalls caused by insufficient income and physical asset damage caused by CCI disasters. Conclusion Climate-resilient livelihoods, such as improving technological fishing skills to increase fish production and generating alternate income sources in different IGA (income-generating activity) trades during off-fishing seasons, have the potential to save C&MF's living standards and thus mitigate the negative effects of CCI disasters on the national economy.

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“…In reality, shing and shery-related other activities are the sector of low-wage earnings (Sadekin et al, 2021, Sunny et al, 2021, and the earnings were insu cient to support the livelihoods of 4-5 members' family, almost all of whom were in debt. Moreover, because of living very adjacent to the shoreline, the livelihood resources, including household assets and earning capitals like aquaculture farms (gher) and ponds, shing logistics, shing gear (nets), crafts ( shing boats/trawlers), sh traps, household livestock, poultry, etc., of coastal shing communities and other coastal shery actors were damaged due to CCI disasters (Tarikul et al, 2017, Islam and Hasan, 2016, Ghosh, et al, 2018, Khan, M.A 2022, Hossain et al, 2019, Islam M. A. et al, 2021, Mirza et al, 2015, Uzzaman M. A., 2014, Minar et al, 2013, Shaw et al, 2013. Findings in this regard also showed that the destructive CCI incidences, such as HHs proximity to coast, cyclones and oods, the severity of the disaster, and the duration/ longevity of the disaster were signi cantly linked to the damage to livelihood assets, including physical and nancial assets (living house, sheries, livestock, poultry, and nancial penalty for the workday loss), and also signi cantly associated with the requirement of receiving damage recovery loans from the moneylenders or Mahajons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Degaga and A.U. Utallo, 2022), coastal shers have lived in underprivileged conditions due to a lack of schooling, shing skills, functional organization (for claiming rights), sheries resources, savings, adequate shing equipment, portable safe water supply, environmental sanitation, and hygiene (Khan, M.A 2022, Biswas et al, 2019, Kabir et al, 2016. As a result, most of the sherman's families in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) have to live with lower earnings and lower expenses (Kebe et al, 2009, L Bathara et al, 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and Risk of Livelihood Asset Damage due to Climate Change-Induced Disasters of the Coastal Fisher of Bangladesh

Islam,

Shahrear

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude and risk of livelihood asset damage due to climate change-induced disasters for the coastal fishermen of Bangladesh. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among 338 randomly selected coastal fishers and other coastal fishery actors from 11 coastal districts of southern Bangladesh. Results Findings revealed that more than 90% of the participants lived within 3.5 kilometres of the coastal zones and had to struggle against at least three moderate to highly severe CCI disasters, including recurring floods, waterlogging, and cyclones, in the past five years. Using ECLAC (United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) methodology following DaLA (damage, loss, and need assessment), it was found that yearly Bangladesh has faced economic penalties of nearly BDT 23.606 billion [≈ $224.82 million; (housing: $137.36 million; commercial & livelihoods: $87.46 million); (physical assets: $153.45 million; and financial: $71.38 million)] due to CCI disasters for only one million households of coastal fishers and other coastal fishery actors. The penalties for the same population have also included receiving loans totaling nearly BDT 6.117 billion (≈ $58.25 million) from money lenders or Mahajons per year to recover household expenditure shortfalls and compensation due to CCI disasters. The disastrous CCI incidences such as repeated cyclones and floods, moderate to high severity of disaster, and ≥ 11 days’ longevity of the disaster were significantly associated with the damage and loss of physical and financial assets (i.e., living house, fisheries, livestock, poultry, and penalty to the work-day lost) and also significantly associated with the requirement of receiving loans recurrently from money lenders (p = < 0.05). Conclusion The implementation of coastal management, including the establishment of climate-resilient housing and commercial infrastructure for the studied population, could minimize household-level partial damage and loss. Moreover, the generation of alternate income sources in different IGA (income-generating activity) trades during off-fishing seasons has the potential to protect coastal and marine fishermen's livelihoods.

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Livelihood, WASH related hardships and needs assessment of climate migrants: evidence from urban slums in Bangladesh

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Assessment of water, hygiene, and sanitation practice and associated factors among Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study

Assessment of water, hygiene, and sanitation practice and associated factors among Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study

Magnitude and Risk of Livelihood Asset Damage due to Climate Change-Induced Disasters of the Coastal Fisher of Bangladesh

Magnitude and Risk of Livelihood Asset Damage due to Climate Change-Induced Disasters of the Coastal Fisher of Bangladesh

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