Livelihood Status of Itinerant Waste Buyers in Kathmandu

Khanal, Ashish

doi:10.12691/aees-9-5-4

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Despite the high amounts of recyclables in the municipal waste stream, MSW is mainly disposed of in sanitary landfill sites ( Bundhoo, 2018 ). Nepal lacks source segregation and has a poor waste collection service ( Khanal, 2021 ). Out of the total municipalities of Nepal, 14.2% of municipalities recycle their waste: Around 4.1% of the total waste produced is recycled ( CBS, 2020 ; Maharjan and Lohani, 2020 ).…”

Section: Results – Country Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plastic waste circular actions in seven developing countries to achieve sustainable development goals

Ferronato,

Maalouf,

Mertenat

et al. 2023

Waste Manag Res

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Plastic waste circularity is a priority at a global level. Sustainable development goals (SDGs) set the ways to go, and the circular economy principles underlined the ‘green’ strategies to be employed. However, in practice, there is still much to do, especially in developing countries, where open burning and open dumping still represent the common way of plastic waste disposal. This review aims to analyse current plastic waste circular approaches in low-middle income settings. Seven countries were selected based on the economic level and data availability from the authors, and analysed to collect and critically discuss the actions implemented at a city level. Examples of waste minimization and recycling strategies, selective collection systems and public campaigns are reported from Africa, Asia and Latin America. First, a background analysis related to physical and governance aspects of municipal solid waste management systems of the chosen settings was conducted. The assessment was focused on the treatment processes or minimization actions. Then, the applicability of the projects to achieve the SDGs was commented on. The outcomes of the research underline the need to: (1) scale up small-scale and pilot projects, (2) disseminate good practices in more low- to middle-income settings, (3) create synergies among international partners for further replications in cities. Urgent solutions to plastic waste pollution are needed. The review presented practical actions to be implemented now to boost plastic waste circularity in developing cities.

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Section: Results – Country Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plastic waste circular actions in seven developing countries to achieve sustainable development goals

Ferronato,

Maalouf,

Mertenat

et al. 2023

Waste Manag Res

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“…or "Kabadiwala" in Nepal belonging to poor and marginalized social groups. 25 Despite the daily engagement of IWWs with solid waste and the high risk of exposure to COVID-19, their vaccine usage has not been assessed properly yet. This needs to be addressed with utmost concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 related symptoms and vaccination usage among informal waste workers of Kathmandu, Nepal

Khanal

2023

Int J Occup Saf Health

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Introduction: About 56% of total population of Nepal have been fully immunized against COVID. But still foreign nationals and Informal Waste Workers (IWWs) outside of Nepal are struggling to get COVID vaccines. This study was intended to study the COVID-19 symptoms among IWWs of Kathmandu and the usage of vaccines by them. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 IWWs of Kathmandu Valley from Balku, Sanepa, Kalimati and Teku areas. A convenience sampling method was used to find the respondents based on their willingness to participate in the study. Face-to-face interview was conducted using structured questionnaire to collect data from IWWs. Results: A total of 53.3% males and 46.7% females participated in this study. Despite of majority of waste workers facing COVID related symptoms, only 19.6% of waste workers had done COVID test. Around 77.6% of waste workers hadn’t still taken COVID vaccine with majority (93.9 %) of them belonging to India. Conclusion: The majority of IWWs of Kathmandu are afraid to take COVID vaccine. Despite of having COVID related symptoms, IWWs haven’t gone for COVID test. Though interested, the IWWs needs identity cards for vaccination which counts less number of waste workers being vaccinated.

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“…The amount of waste generation in Nepal is expected to rise rapidly in next five year with per capita MSW generation expected to become 0.7 kg/day by 2025 [10]. There is lack of source segregation, poor waste collection service and open dumped landfill in Nepal [23]. The single use plastic bags have been used in Nepal from 1990s [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on usage of single use plastic bags in Nepal

Khanal

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The rapid urbanization and economic growth have caused increase of plastic products globally. The least developed countries (LDCs) have been facing severe problems with solid waste due to lack of people’s awareness, lack of skilled manpower to handle waste and necessary equipment to manage in sustainable manner. Nepal, a LDC in South Asia, lacks source segregation leading the maximum plastic items reaching to the landfill site. It is even difficult for the planning authorities to make effective plans for sustainable management of plastic waste due to lack of waste generation data. Nepal has made many rules and directives to ban plastic bags till date but has failed in its implementation. This study is the first of its kind to capture the perception of youths towards single use bags in Nepal. This study was conducted among 569 Nepalese youths of age between 18-40 years. A closed ended self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the respondents and responses were collected for three weeks. The questionnaire was prepared using google form and distributed via Facebook. A snowball method was used where the respondents were asked to share the questionnaire in their network. It was found that majority of Nepalese youths have been practicing the source segregation at their houses. The use of single use plastic is very common in Nepal with an individual using at least 208 plastic bags in a year. The gender and source segregation of waste was statistically significant with p-value of 0.02 (<0.05). The main reason of using plastic bags was its easy availability. There is lack of alterative to the plastic bags in Nepal. However, the youths are ready to support the government plastic ban policy and have asked the alternatives to the plastic bags. The result has shown that the Nepalese people have negative perception towards single use plastics and are in search of alternatives. The government need to implement heavy penalty for producing plastic bags greater than 30 micron and deploy tax with shop keepers and customer if found using it.

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Livelihood Status of Itinerant Waste Buyers in Kathmandu

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

A review of plastic waste circular actions in seven developing countries to achieve sustainable development goals

A review of plastic waste circular actions in seven developing countries to achieve sustainable development goals

COVID-19 related symptoms and vaccination usage among informal waste workers of Kathmandu, Nepal

Survey on usage of single use plastic bags in Nepal

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