Livelihood diversity and dynamism in Timor-Leste; insights for coastal resource governance and livelihood development

Mills, David J.; Tilley, Alexander; Pereira, Mario; Hellebrandt, Denis; Fernandes, Avelino Pereira; Cohen, Philippa J.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2017.04.021

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition authors drew in their research, published and unpublished (e.g. Barclay & Kinch, 2013;Cohen, Evans, & Mills, 2012;Fabinyi & Dalabajan, 2011;Fabinyi, Dressler, & Pido, 2017;Mills et al, 2017). Case study assessments of governance constellations along the chains were made by each author and were then subjected to critical review by other authors to ensure interpretation and application of the analytical frame was consistent.…”

Section: Me Thodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low capacity fishery, est. 3,000 registered vessels in Timor-Leste (Alonso Población et al, 2012), and 4-5,000 fishers (Mills et al, 2017) operating mainly from dugout canoes (with and without outboard motor), using nets and hand-line primarily within the 2 nautical mile northern coastal zone and around fishing aggregation devices. National fisheries catch estimated at 5-6,000 t (Barbosa & Booth, 2009).…”

Section: The Mixed Seafood Coastal Fishery From Solomon Islandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Governance interactions in small‐scale fisheries market chains: Examples from the Asia‐Pacific

et al. 2019

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Small‐scale fisheries are subject to various governing institutions operating at different levels with different objectives. At the same time, small‐scale fisheries increasingly form part of domestic and international market chains, with consequent effects for marine environments and livelihoods of the fishery‐dependent. Yet there remains a need to better understand how small‐scale fisheries market chains interact with the range of governance institutions that influence them. In this paper, we examine how multiple governance systems function along market chains, in order to identify opportunities for improved multiscale governance. We use three small‐scale fisheries with varying local to global market chains operating in the Asia‐Pacific region to develop a framework for analysis. Drawing from Interactive Governance theory we identify governing systems that have come to operate at particular sections in each market chain. We recognize four institutions that shape the governance over the length of the chain; namely those centred on (a) government, (b) private sector and pricing, (c) decentralized multistakeholder management and (d) culture and social relations. The framework shows how diverse arrangements of these governing institutions emerge and take effect along market chains. In doing so, we seek to move away from prescribed “ideals” of universal governing arrangements for fisheries and their market chains, and instead illuminate how governing systems function interactively across multiple scales.

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Section: Me Thodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mixed Seafood Coastal Fishery From Solomon Islandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governance interactions in small‐scale fisheries market chains: Examples from the Asia‐Pacific

et al. 2019

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“…Households of Biacou, as in most rural areas in the country, base their peasant economies on mixed livelihood strategies (see Mills et al 2013Mills et al , 2017. Fishing and reef gleaning, along with salt production and some seasonal occupations, are complemented with mixed crop-livestock farming.…”

Section: Problematization: Assembling Narrativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative assemblages for power-balanced coastal and marine governance. Tara Bandu as a tool for community-based fisheries co-management in Timor-Leste

Población¹,

Rodrigues

Wilson³

et al. 2018

Maritime Studies

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Poverty alleviation and resource governance are inextricably related. Mainstream resource management has been typically criticized by social scientists for the inherent power imbalances between fishery managers and small-scale fishing communities. Yet, while a number of mechanisms of collective action to address these power imbalances have been developed, they remain undertheorized. This paper builds upon first-hand experience of the authors in assisting the community of Biacou to strengthen the resource management role of a local ban called Tara bandu, as well as a qualitative study conducted one year after its implementation. Our argument is fourfold. First, we suggest that in geographies where mainstream resource management cannot be implemented, strengthening custom-based institutions in hybrid mechanisms provides an opportunity to promote a more sustainable use of coastal and marine resources in a cost-effective manner. Second, by analyzing the different narratives that were embedded in the process, we argue that community-based fisheries co-management can benefit from creating narrative assemblages. Third, we explore how the principles of agnosticism, generalized symmetry, and free association can be integrated in the work of fisheries managers to neutralize power imbalances with fishing communities. Fourth, we contribute to the current conceptualization of hybrid organizations in fisheries co-management.

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“…The role of SSF in economic growth and human well‐being is recognized in contemporary development strategy (e.g. MSG, ), and SSF are increasingly seen as important in mainstream development as an irreplaceable source of nutrition and income (Eriksson et al., ; Mills et al., ) and the multiple dimensions of human well‐being (Cohen et al., ; Lawless et al., ; Purcell, Crona, Lalavanua, & Eriksson, ). For small island nations, SSF play a crucial role in development and in ambitions to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are increasingly seen as important in mainstream development as an irreplaceable source of nutrition and income Mills et al, 2017) and the multiple dimensions of human well-being (Cohen et al, 2016;Lawless et al, 2017;Purcell, Crona, Lalavanua, & Eriksson, 2017).…”

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Geography limits island small‐scale fishery production

et al. 2017

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Interacting social and ecological processes shape productivity and sustainability of island small-scale fisheries (SSF). Understanding limits to productivity through historical catches help frame future expectations and management strategies, but SSF are dispersed and unaccounted, so long-term standardized data are largely absent for such analyses. We analysed 40 years of trade statistics of a SSF product that enter international markets (sea cucumber) from 14 Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICT) against response variables to test predictors of fishery production: (i) scale, (ii) productivity and (iii) socio-economics. Combined production in PICT peaked over 20 years ago, driven by exploitation trends in Melanesia that accounted for 90% of all production since 1971. The size of island fisheries (as measured by total exports), and the duration and magnitude of fishery booms were most influenced by ungovernable environmental variables, in particular land area. The large and high islands of Melanesia sustained larger booms over longer periods than atoll nations. We hypothesize that land area is a proxy for land-based nutrient availability and habitat diversity, and therefore the productivity of the shallow water areas where SSF are operating. PICT need to tailor management based on the intrinsic productivity of shallow inshore habitats:harvests from atoll nations will need to be smaller per unit area than at the high islands. Particularly countries with low productivity fisheries must consider the crucial economic "safety nets" that export SSF make up for dispersed island populations and incorporate them into broader development and island resilience strategies. K E Y W O R D Sbeche-de-mer, governance, invertebrate, management, markets, trepang

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Livelihood diversity and dynamism in Timor-Leste; insights for coastal resource governance and livelihood development

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Governance interactions in small‐scale fisheries market chains: Examples from the Asia‐Pacific

Governance interactions in small‐scale fisheries market chains: Examples from the Asia‐Pacific

Narrative assemblages for power-balanced coastal and marine governance. Tara Bandu as a tool for community-based fisheries co-management in Timor-Leste

Geography limits island small‐scale fishery production

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