Live Parainfluenza Type 3 Vaccine in Children

Abstract

LPA, a simplified LPA (SLPA) perforaed at the bedside by house officers, and CIE assays which were developed in this laboratory are sensitive in vitro to 0.2 nglml. 0.5 nglml and 1 ngl ml of HIB capsular antigen respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of these assays were canpared prospectively in 106 episodes of suspected HIB infections. Nineteen immunosuppressed patients with v a r i c e l l a zoster were enrolled i n a randomized crossover 10 da t r i a l o f adenine arabinoside. Of 14 w i t h reticuloendothelia! malignancy, 7 were receiving a c t i v e chemotherapy. Age, sex, underlylng disease, and preceding chemotherapy were comparable f o r both randomization groups. Eight patients received drug over the f i r s t 5 days and placebo the next 5; while 11 received the exact opposite regimen. I n s p i t e o f natural healing i n the placebo group, adenine arabinoside s i g n i f i c a n t l y accelerated cutaneous healing for the elimination o f virus from vesicles (P = 0.015) and cessation o f new vesicle formation (P = 0.026). Although pustulation was not s t a t i s t i c a l l y accelerated, a l l treated patients had completely pustulated by the time o f crossover. Five patients, a l l w i t h reticuloendothelial cancer, developed pneumonitis and, because o f the crossover received adenine arabinoside during t h e i r disease course. The mean duration o f pneumcnitls was 5.6 days + 2.1 (range: 3 t o 8). Resolution was temporally associated w i t h -therapy. There were no study deaths. C l i n i c a l and laboratory evidence o f t o x i c i t y was i n s i g n i f i c a n t a t the dose employed. These data f o r therapy o f primary v a r i c e l l a zoster i n f e c t i o n support the larger study demonstrating accelerated healing and satisfactory therapeutic index i n herpes zoster w i t h adenine arabinoside. months of age was similar to that seen in infants 12-14 months of age. Our findings also suggest factors other than age which may be important in the occurrence of rubeola vaccine failures. LPA AND SLPA are more sensitive than CIE in the diagnosis of HIB infections, especially in non-meningitic disease (p = 0.005). The LPA assay is simple enough for bedside use, specific, and will detect almost all invasive HIB infections. cines provide a model for determining v i r a l and host factors i n Adenine arabinoside was evaluated f o r the treatment of lerpes the control of primary infection. An attenuated parainfluenza 3 simplex encephalitis i n a randomized controlled study. Of 50 (para 3) vaccine was given intranasally (104-5 TCID~g/dose) t o 16 patients w i t h a presunptive c l i n i c a l diagnosis and undergoing children ages 13 t o 35 months-with 5 additional placebo inocub r a i n biopsy, 25 cases were proved by f s o l a t f o n of virus from the l a t e d controls studied f o r transmission and i n t e r c u r r e n t i l l n e s s . b r a i n specimen. Adenine arabinoside treatment reduced m o r t a l i t y P r i o r natural para 3, as judged by prevaccination serum antibody, f r a ...