Live-in Caregivers in Canada: Servitude for Promissory Citizenship and Family Rights

Bonifacio, Glenda Tibe

doi:10.1057/9781137323552_8

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Simply put, do we pay attention to fair wages and workplace safety when we ourselves are the employers and our homes the workplaces? 31,33,34…”

Section: Who Are Women In Medicine?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 We rarely consider the political determinants and historical roots of migration patterns or the immigration restrictions placed upon the women to whom we outsource our domestic labor. 31 For example, careers in (exported) nursing and domestic care have been nearly enshrined in policy and practice in the Philippines, while inadequate labor rights and pathways to citizenship for live-in caregivers have become part of policy and practice in countries like Canada. 31,32 While many physicians in Canada employ Filipina caregivers, few may be aware of the political forces that structure this system of domestic work.…”

Section: Who Are Women In Medicine?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women in Medicine: The Limits of Individualism in Academic Medicine

Sharma

Rawal

2022

Academic Medicine

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In the 21st century, more than ever before, issues facing women in medicine, such as pay equity and workplace harassment, are being explored and attended to by physicians and health care institutions. Discussions about women in medicine almost exclusively center around women physicians, even though most women in medicine are, in fact, not physicians. In addition, these discussions typically focus on gender, often failing to consider how race, class, and other dimensions of identity influence the experiences of women in medicine. In this article, the authors argue that neoliberal feminism is the dominant strand of feminism in the discourse of women in medicine. With its focus on the individual and a conception of success defined in largely economic terms, neoliberal feminism fails to consider the broader conditions in which women are situated and, therefore, limits structural criticism and the possibility for all women to engage in social justice. The authors suggest that the pandemic is an opportunity to pursue a more expansive vision of feminism in medicine. They propose intersectional feminism as a theoretical framework that can widen the understanding of what is possible: moving from individual actions resulting in incremental change to collective action that can transform systems. Intersectional feminism enables a push for structures, institutions, and practices that support all workers, including basic income, labor protections, public childcare, accessible health care, transportation justice, and migrant rights. In so doing, intersectional feminism calls for solidarity with and among women both within and outside of medicine.

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“…Simply put, do we pay attention to fair wages and workplace safety when we ourselves are the employers and our homes the workplaces? 31,33,34…”

Section: Who Are Women In Medicine?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Who Are Women In Medicine?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in Medicine: The Limits of Individualism in Academic Medicine

Sharma

Rawal

2022

Academic Medicine

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“…Equally absent from this literature is consideration of effects of the transition or potential transition to permanent residency. While permanent residency status is held out as a solution to the damaging effects of temporary labour programs ( Nakache and Blanchard, 2014 ), with some notable exceptions ( Polanco, 2014 ; Bonifacio, 2015 ; Tungohan et al, 2015; Polanco, 2016 ; Bryan, 2019a ), little has been published on the actual implications of transitioning to permanency for temporary foreign workers and their kin. In addition to redressing this, this paper also illustrates the ways in which the “taken-for-granted” good of permanency can also be harnessed by state and capital to hold migrants in place, and to duplicate hierarchies and structures of accumulation that benefit employers.…”

Section: Migrant Wellbeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contingent Relations: Migrant Wellbeing and Economic Development in Rural Manitoba

Bryan

2021

Front. Sociol.

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Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in rural Manitoba and the Philippines, this paper uses the example of the small town of Douglas, which since 2009 has been home to a small Filipino community, as a tenuous counter-point to the accounts of exclusion that dominate the scholarship on Temporary Foreign Labour in Canada. This paper draws on ethnographic research conducted in Manitoba with the region’s newest immigrants—those recruited to ensure the viability of the new, diversified rural regional economy, and more specifically, the tourism and hospitality sector, established in the 1970s. In 2009, unable to meet its labour needs regionally, a local hotel began recruiting temporary foreign labour. By 2014, the Hotel had recruited 71 workers from the Philippines, most of whom arrived through Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker Program; others having arrived through the province’s immigration scheme, the Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program (MPNP). A reflection of the ubiquity of globalized Filipino migration, the well-being of these workers had long been informed by economic development in the Philippines and the centrality of international labour mobility to that state project. What emerges from the data is a simultaneous acceptance and contestation of the conditions of transnational family life, and moreover—reflecting the focus of this special issue—the extent to which migrant well-being shifts in accordance to labour mobility regimes responsive to development. Migrant workers and their families are implicated in these connected, yet differently motivated, state projects. And while particular narratives concerning their contributions come to be valorized and even celebrated, their mental, physical, affective, and relational well-being is often over-looked by those who benefit from their labour and mobility. Of equal importance is the provincial state’s participation in this process through the provision of permanent residency to existing and in-coming migrants. While this benefits individual families, it does not inherently challenge the logics of neoliberalism; rather, drawing on its nuances, it create new possibilities for capital accumulation and exploitation, while offering some protection for select families who are willing and able to abide by the terms established by their employer and the Manitoba state.

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“…Here, permanency is both carrot and stick. Used to compel and to discipline, it ensures higher levels of productivity and compliance relative to less‐vulnerable resident and citizen workers (Bonifacio, 2015; Bryan, 2019; Polanco, 2016). Unable to compete with his co‐workers (also migrant labour) at the end of his second contract, for Ramil, this meant seeking out employment in Manila's service sector and working to be promoted, which he had managed to do.…”

Section: Mobile Workers: Mobile Filipino Labour Navigates Tim Horton Globallymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we will show, shared narratives of "Canada's coffee shop" resonate with Filipino migrants seeking overseas placements, who come to be unevenly positioned within Tim Horton's increasingly global landscape. Moreover, even those who manage to secure highly sought-after positions in Canada remain susceptible to the whims of Canadian immigration policy due to the restrictive conditions of their work contracts tying them to their employers (Fudge & MacPhail, 2009;Goldring, Berinstein & Bernhard, 2009;Nakache & Kinoshita, 2010;Strauss & McGrath, 2017) and the unpredictability of permanent residency (Bonifacio, 2015;Bryan, 2019). In what follows, we trace this mash-up of globalizing capital engages with Filipino labour history through a celebration of Tim Horton's 'Canadianness', while obscuring the inequalities and exploitative conditions of labour export and import regimes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parsing the mobilities of capital and labour: The case of Tim Hortons and internationally mobile Filipino workers

Bryan

Barber

2021

International Migration

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In 2007, Canada expanded the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) to include service and hospitality sectors. By 2010, more migrants entered Canada with temporary visas than as permanent residents. While some found employment in hospitality and tourism, most were concentrated in the fast food sector. Working transnationally, this paper uses Tim Hortons' concurrent global expansion and its arrival in the Philippines as a case study of the global mobilities and intersecting pathways of capital and labour. Drawing on the theoretical contributions of feminist political economy, it illustrates how the aspirations and mobilities of the Filipino workers at the centre of this study are organized in the service of capital; capital, in this example, as represented by the globally ambitious Tim Hortons' parent corporation, Restaurant Brands International (RBI) and, more specifically, the Brazilian American global investment firm that owns and manages RBI, 3G Capital, as well as by the efforts and objectives of franchise holders.

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Live-in Caregivers in Canada: Servitude for Promissory Citizenship and Family Rights

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Women in Medicine: The Limits of Individualism in Academic Medicine

Women in Medicine: The Limits of Individualism in Academic Medicine

Contingent Relations: Migrant Wellbeing and Economic Development in Rural Manitoba

Parsing the mobilities of capital and labour: The case of Tim Hortons and internationally mobile Filipino workers

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