Live fences reduce the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of soil CO2 emissions in livestock systems

Villanueva‐López, Gilberto; Martínez‐Zurimendi, Pablo; Ramírez-Avilés, Luis; Aryal, Deb Raj; Casanova‐Lugo, Fernando

doi:10.1007/s13593-016-0358-x

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…(), alpine swamp meadow is the ecosystem type with the largest C storage on the whole QTP. From the amount of soil C stored under MMP and SMP, we inferred that SMP has led to more than 5 and 98 Mg C/ha losses compared to MMP in Maqu and Nagchu, respectively, as the grasslands were contracted to individual households, because degraded soils under SMP favour CO 2 flow to the soil surface (Villanueva‐López et al ., ). Given that grasslands have been contracted since 1996 in Maqu, and 2002 in Nagchu, we estimated that about 0.25 Mg C/ha/yr and about 0.57 Mg C/ha/yr have been lost in Maqu and Nagchu, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Cao

Gong

Yeh

et al. 2017

Soil Use and Management

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Carbon storage in the soils on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau plays a very important role in the global carbon budget. In the 1990s, a policy of contracting collective grasslands to smaller units was implemented, resulting in a change from the traditional collective grassland management to two new management patterns: a multi‐household management pattern (MMP: grassland shared by several households without enclosures) and a single‐household management pattern (SMP: grassland enclosed and used by only one household). In 2016, 50 MMP and 54 SMP winter pastures on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau were sampled to assess the differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) between the two management patterns. Results showed that average SOC was significantly greater under MMP than under SMP, with an estimated 0.41 Mg C/ha/yr lost due to SMP following the new grassland contract. Based on the government's grassland policy, four grassland utilization scenarios were developed for both summer and winter pastures. We found that if the grassland were managed under SMP, likely C losses ranged between 0.31 × 107 and 6.15 × 107 Mg C/yr across the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau relative to MMP, which more closely resembles pre‐1990s grassland management. Previous estimates of C losses have only considered land use change (with cover change) and ignored the impacts driven by land management pattern changes (without cover change). The new data suggest that C losses from the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau are greater than previously estimated, and therefore that the grassland contract policy should be reviewed and SMP households should be encouraged to reunite into the MMP. These findings have potential implications for land management strategies not only on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau but also other grazing regions globally where such practices may exist.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Cao

Gong

Yeh

et al. 2017

Soil Use and Management

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“…La provisión de sombra en estos sistemas productivos es de vital importancia debido a que esta reduce el estrés que ocasiona el calor, proveyendo un ambiente más confortable y facilita las tasas reproductivas, y ganancia de peso y producción de leche en el ganado . Por lo general, los agricultores y ganaderos manifiestan que ven de buena manera las cercas vivas, por proveer productos y servicios; dado que son establecidas de acuerdo con motivaciones de mejoramiento de producción y no considerando motivos de conservación (Pérez et al, 2011;Villanueva-López et al, 2016).…”

Section: Percepciones De Las Cercas Vivas En Los Paisajes Rurales Trounclassified

“…En conclusión, las cercas vivas, además, de servir para delimitar predios y potreros traen beneficios sobre los paisajes rurales donde se implementan, ofreciendo beneficios a los sistemas productivos que encadenan aumentos en la productividad final de la finca (Maldonado et al 2008). Por otra parte, en las tres regiones tropicales se encontró que las cercas vivas se presentan como un componente importante en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de los suelos agrícolas y ganaderos (Otero & Onaindia, 2009;Oshunsanya, 2013;Villanueva-López et al, 2016).…”

Section: Percepciones De Las Cercas Vivas En Los Paisajes Rurales Trounclassified

Cercas vivas en sistemas de producción tropicales: una revisión mundial de los usos y percepciones

Morantes-Toloza

Renjifo

2018

RBT

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Live fences in tropical production systems: a global review of uses and perceptions. The expansion of agricultural and livestock production has been a key factor in deforestation in the world and especially in the tropical region. Currently, more than half of the Earth’s surface is used for the establishment of production systems; in this context, live fences can generate positive effects on the environment and provide environmental goods and services. In this work, we reviewed the effects of live fences on production systems from the tropical regions of America, Africa, Asia and Australia, analyzing the uses and perceptions of farmers that have made use of these fences. It was found that live fences were mainly related to the delimitation of farms and pastures. However, their uses and benefits are manifold, among which we found: provide forage, wood extraction, fruit supply, windbreaks, medicinal, to avoid soil erosion, moisture retention and nutritional support. In addition, other positive perceptions were: increasing landscape connectivity, increasing economic incomes, reducing production costs, reducing pressure on remaining vegetation, keeping maintenance costs down, contributing to pest control, and improving fertility. However, negative perceptions included the excessive work in repairing or pruning them, shade negative impact on agricultural production, lack of information discourages establishment, high establishment costs, generation of property conflicts and management difficulty. It was found that the uses by farmers are focused on improving the yields of productive systems, but also on the conservation of natural resources especially soil and biodiversity. We proposed research topics for the future, as determining the criteria in the selection of native species to establish and enrich living fences valuing ecological and socioeconomic aspects; in additionally, we must deepen the benefits they produce on the yields of productive systems. We suggest the development of live fences studies in the tropical region of Australasia, because no data was found for this region, in order to know the biodiversity and services status that they provide to the rural communities. As a conclusion, it will be important to generate initiatives that encourage the formulation of rural policies, the creation of programs that encourage the establishment of live fences, whether through payments for environmental services, tax compensation or other mechanisms. Providing adequate information to farmers and livestock farmers is a key aspect on dynamizing the establishment of live fences. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 739-753. Epub 2018 June 01.

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“…Lo anterior puede atribuirse a los siguientes factores: i) el carbono orgánico del suelo es un reservorio más estable y es afectado, lentamente, por el cambio de uso suelo, patrones que también se han observado en otros estudios realizados en el sur-sureste mexicano (Orihuela-Belmonte et al, 2013;Aryal et al, 2015, Villanueva-López et al, 2016Aryal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Abundancia De Los áRbolesunclassified

“…La sustentabilidad de un sistema de producción agropecuaria y forestal depende, en gran medida, de su capacidad de provisión de servicios ecosistémicos (Chazdon, 2008;Balvanera, 2012;Casanova et al, 2016). En el contexto actual de cambio de uso de suelo, de la ganaderización, y de la emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (Torres-Rivera et al, 2011;Trilleras et al, 2015;Kauffman et al, 2016) es imperativo encontrar las alternativas que podrían contribuir a mitigar las emisiones y mejorar las capacidades de provisión de servicios ecosistémicos a nivel de las unidades de producción (Lamb et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Potencial de almacenamiento de carbono en áreas forestales en un sistema ganadero

Aryal

Castro

García

et al. 2018

RMCF

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El rápido aumento de la producción ganadera ha provocado impactos ambientales, como la deforestación, la pérdida de biodiversidad, la degradación del suelo y las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI). En el estado de Chiapas, dichas emisiones han aumentado especialmente por la conversión de tierras forestales a pastizales y la fermentación entérica del ganado. La remoción de CO2 atmosférico por actividades forestales y agroforestales dentro de las unidades de producción ganadera puede reducirlas significativamente. El principal objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer el potencial de almacenamiento de carbono en áreas forestales, para conocer su contribución en la mitigación de GEI dentro de una unidad de producción ganadera en Villaflores, Chiapas. Se establecieron 12 parcelas de muestreo en áreas forestales y potreros para evaluar el carbono en biomasa viva aérea, biomasa de raíces, hojarasca, madera muerta y carbono orgánico del suelo. El promedio de almacenamiento de carbono en áreas forestales fue 144.45 Mg C ha-1 comparado con 75.95 Mg C ha-1 en los potreros. El almacén de carbono en biomasa viva, como se esperaba fue más alto en áreas forestales que en potreros, pero no hubo diferencia significativa en el reservorio de carbono orgánico del suelo. El rancho en estudio posee 24.7 ha (40 % de la superficie) de áreas forestales con alta diversidad de especies arbóreas, y si se decidiera deforestar para establecer pasturas contribuiría con 6 353.95 Mg de emisiones de CO2. Los resultados permitirán estimar la remoción anual de carbono con futuras remediciones.

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Live fences reduce the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of soil CO2 emissions in livestock systems

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Cercas vivas en sistemas de producción tropicales: una revisión mundial de los usos y percepciones

Potencial de almacenamiento de carbono en áreas forestales en un sistema ganadero

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