Live diatoms facing Ag nanoparticles: surface enhanced Raman scattering of bulk cylindrotheca closterium pennate diatoms and of the single cells

Pinzaru, Simona Cîntă; Muller, Cornelius H.; Tomšić, Sanja; Venter, Monica M.; Brezeștean, Ioana; Ljubimir, Stijepo; Glamuzina, Branko

doi:10.1039/c6ra04255d

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Additionally, as for the AgNP experiment whereby diatoms were grown in culture medium in direct contact with AgNPs, F v /F m remained high at Ag concentrations <100 ppb, whilst rETR max was reduced (Figs 2 – 3c ). These results suggest that the decline in chlorophyll-a in the AgNP treatments was not caused by mechanisms that have previously been invoked as driving mechanisms of toxicity: (i) uptake of the AgNPs themselves 20 , or (ii) interaction of the NPs with the cell surfaces 5 , 6 . Moreover, measurements of H 2 O 2 production—previously invoked as mechanism for AgNP toxicity via oxidative stress 6 , 22 —at different AgNP and AgNO 3 doses did not show any clear trend (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle toxicity to the coastal marine diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus

Lodeiro

Browning

Achterberg

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Inputs of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to marine waters continue to increase yet mechanisms of AgNPs toxicity to marine phytoplankton are still not well resolved. This study reports a series of toxicity experiments on a representative coastal marine diatom species Chaetoceros curvisetus using the reference AgNP, NM-300K. Exposure to AgNPs resulted in photosynthetic impairment and loss of diatom biomass in proportion to the supplied AgNP dose. The underlying mechanism of toxicity was explored via comparing biological responses in parallel experiments. Diatom responses to AgNP, free Ag(I) species, and dialysis bag-retained AgNP treatments showed marked similarity, pointing towards a dominant role of Ag(I) species uptake, rather than NPs themselves, in inducing the toxic response. In marked contrast to previous studies, addition of the organic complexing agent cysteine (Cys) alongside Ag only marginally moderated toxicity, implying AgCys− complexes were bioavailable to this diatom species. A preliminary field experiment with a natural phytoplankton community in the southeast Atlantic Ocean showed no significant toxic response at a NM-300 K concentration that resulted in ~40% biomass loss in the culture studies, suggesting a modulating effect of natural seawaters on Ag toxicity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…A number of studies have investigated the toxicity of AgNPs to marine and freshwater phytoplankton 5 – 11 . Toxicity of AgNPs to phytoplankton has been attributed to the release of Ag(I) from AgNPs, either within their growth medium or after uptake of the NPs into cells 12 – 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle toxicity to the coastal marine diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus

Lodeiro

Browning

Achterberg

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Details on preparation and characterisation of AgNPs can be found in a paper by Cintă Pinzaru et al (2016). In short, AgNPs were prepared by the Lee-Meisel method: silver nitrate reduction by trisodium citrate under boiling temperature.…”

Section: Fig 1 Photographs Of the Collection Site Showing The Shalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Raman Spectroscopy Study of the Coelomic Fluid of Grazing Sea Urchins and Their Native Seawater: Prospect for A Potential Indicator of Environmental Aggression

Nekvapil¹,

Tomšić²,

Pinzaru³

2018

Air and Water Components of the Environment Conference

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Sea urchins have limited ability to move, and they use the watervascular circulation system to pump surrounding sea water in order to set body parts in motion. It is therefore thought that coelomic fluid, a body fluid of sea urchins which acts as its internal transport and immune system, contains metabolised pollutants. In the present study, we developed a method for detection of carotenoids in the coelomic fluid by Raman spectroscopy. Carotenoids were obtained from the coelomic fluid by ethanol extraction and their selective resonance Raman signal was enhanced employing the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. Carotenoids are ingested by sea urchins through their plant-based diet, metabolised and transported into the coelomic fluid, where they were detected for the first time via SERS. We further investigated the correlations of carotenoids signalling from the coelomic fluid with the local sea water to prospect a potential linkage with changes under environmental aggression. The antioxidative and immunomodulatory role of carotenoids, especially of β-carotene, was extensively studied in vertebrates (Chew and Park, 2004). Biological defence and increased antioxidant activity is associated with an increased carotenoids level and/or change in their species balance in native sea urchins. Additionally, we compared relative sulfate concentration of sea urchin coelomic fluid with local sea water using FT-Raman technique. We discuss the possibility for development of methods for rapid and cost effective monitoring of the native environmental waters via sea urchin carotenoids. Other co-existent pollutants which may enter the coelomic fluid via the digestive system or through water-vascular system of sea urchins are expected to correlate with the animal response via an increased antioxidant activity due to carotenoids. Thus, sea urchins may prove to be good sentinels of environmental water changes via their carotenoids signalling.

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“…Study of feeding selectivity of O. davisae in natural environment of the Black Sea so far did not reveal feeding on diatoms [13]. Currently, the data on feeding of ambush feeder O. davisae on diatoms are contradictory and uncertain [10] while this copepod is often abundant during summer diatom blooms [20]. Herein, the interaction between O. davisae and C. closterium in experimental culture was studied to find out whether the former can feed on the latter.…”

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confidence: 97%

“…No toxic, or any other negative effect of ubiquitous marine diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann & J. C. Lewin, 1964 (Bacillariaceae, Bacillariophycidae) (formerly Nitzschia closterium) was observed on reproduction of copepods Calanus helgolandicus and Acartia clausi [4]. Unlike some other diatom species known to produce toxins, this diatom was never associated with any harmful toxins release, and to date, is widely cultured for far going pharmacological purposes as a transporter of Ag associated nannoparticles [20], or as a source of fucoxanthin [23]. Some coastal harpacticoid copepods even prefer C. closterium as a food source to other diatoms [29].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How diatom Cylindrotheca closterium vanquish invasive copepod Oithona davisae

Khanaychenko

2018

mbj

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Some diatoms are rich food for herbivorous copepods, while others are toxic for their recruitment. No negative effect of diatom Cylindrotheca closterium was ever observed for copepods, and some estuarine copepods preferred it as a food. Data on grazing diatoms by abundant now in the Black Sea coastal waters invasive copepod Oithona davisae are still contradictory. Interaction of O. davisae and C. closterium, both having high colonizing potential and both typical for coastal waters, was studied in experimental culture. Two weeks after inoculation of C. closterium the cultured O. davisae was drastically fouled by globulous conglomerates of diatom cells. Diatom cells in "colonies" on copepod exoskeleton were interconnected by means of adhesive substances at one of their flexible ends at the point-wise areas at various parts of copepods exoskeleton, and the opposite flexible ends performed various circular roll-over fan-shaped movements around the axis passing through the point of their attachment. "Colonies" behaved as integrated aggressive organisms against any approaching flagellate and prevented normal locomotion of copepods. Herein we present the first report on epizoic behavior of C. closterium: quick disastrous colonization of alive copepods O. davisae by diatom "colonies" led to total extinction of cyclopoid experimental population while alive diatoms formed dense network on copepods degenerative tissues.

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Live diatoms facing Ag nanoparticles: surface enhanced Raman scattering of bulk cylindrotheca closterium pennate diatoms and of the single cells

Abstract: Live diatoms exposed to AgNPs revealed SERS mechanism dependent on the nanoparticles type while the SERS output allowed detection of extracellular substances.

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle toxicity to the coastal marine diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus

Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle toxicity to the coastal marine diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus

Comparative Raman Spectroscopy Study of the Coelomic Fluid of Grazing Sea Urchins and Their Native Seawater: Prospect for A Potential Indicator of Environmental Aggression

How diatom Cylindrotheca closterium vanquish invasive copepod Oithona davisae

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