Live confocal imaging of Arabidopsis flower buds

Prunet, Nathanaël; Jack, Thomas; Meyerowitz, Elliot M.

doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.03.018

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The ability to address and ultimately solve such open questions in biology often depends on the development of novel technologies that lead to new experimental approaches, and researchers in the flowering field have always quickly adopted new methods whenever they appeared pertinent. For example, the use of advanced life imaging techniques has yielded unprecedented insights into the cellular and mechanical dynamics during floral organogenesis (Hervieux et al, 2016;Prunet et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Organogenesis: When Knowing Your ABCs Is Not Enough

2016

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Flower development is one of the particularly wellestablished model systems for investigating the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying organogenesis in plants. Over the past 30 years, this work has led to detailed insights into many of the cellular and developmental processes that occur during the formation of flowers. This progress was made possible especially by the identification and characterization of the floral organ identity factors, which specify the different floral organ types in a combinatorial manner. However, in recent years, the genes that act downstream of these master regulators have taken center stage because it has become increasingly clear that they execute many of the functions originally attributed to the floral organ identity factors. In this Update, we will summarize and discuss our current view of floral organogenesis with particular emphasis on recent progress in the field (see "Advances" box). We will briefly describe the latest models for floral organ identity factor function and outline open questions that need to be addressed to better understand how they act at the mechanistic level. Furthermore, we will discuss studies that have begun to reveal how a complex interplay of transcription factors, hormones, regulatory RNAs, and epigenetic modifiers controls different developmental processes during the formation of flowers. Last, we will outline recent efforts to better understand the evolution of flowers and venture a look ahead at likely future developments in the field of flowering research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Organogenesis: When Knowing Your ABCs Is Not Enough

2016

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“…All other confocal images were taken using a Leica SP8 confocal microscope with a 63× water-dipping objective or Zeiss LSM 710 and 780 with a 40× water-dipping objective as described previously (Prunet, 2017;Prunet et al, 2016), and cell measurements and image analyses were performed using the Imaris software (Bitplane). All other confocal images were taken using a Leica SP8 confocal microscope with a 63× water-dipping objective or Zeiss LSM 710 and 780 with a 40× water-dipping objective as described previously (Prunet, 2017;Prunet et al, 2016), and cell measurements and image analyses were performed using the Imaris software (Bitplane).…”

Section: Measurements and Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The images of the inflorescence with the pSUP::SUP-3xVENUS were taken with a Zeiss LSM 510 upright confocal microscope with a 40× oil objective, and the projections of confocal data were exported using Zeiss LSM software. All other confocal images were taken using a Leica SP8 confocal microscope with a 63× water-dipping objective or Zeiss LSM 710 and 780 with a 40× water-dipping objective as described previously (Prunet, 2017;Prunet et al, 2016), and cell measurements and image analyses were performed using the Imaris software (Bitplane).…”

Section: Measurements and Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

SUPERMAN regulates floral whorl boundaries through control of auxin biosynthesis

Prunet

Gan

et al. 2018

The EMBO Journal

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Proper floral patterning, including the number and position of floral organs in most plant species, is tightly controlled by the precise regulation of the persistence and size of floral meristems (FMs). In , two known feedback pathways, one composed of WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLAVATA3 (CLV3) and the other composed of AGAMOUS (AG) and WUS, spatially and temporally control floral stem cells, respectively. However, mounting evidence suggests that other factors, including phytohormones, are also involved in floral meristem regulation. Here, we show that the boundary gene () bridges floral organogenesis and floral meristem determinacy in another pathway that involves auxin signaling. SUP interacts with components of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and fine-tunes local auxin signaling by negatively regulating the expression of the auxin biosynthesis genes (). In mutants, derepressed local activity elevates auxin levels at the boundary between whorls 3 and 4, which leads to an increase in the number and the prolonged maintenance of floral stem cells, and consequently an increase in the number of reproductive organs. Our work presents a new floral meristem regulatory mechanism, in which , a boundary gene, coordinates floral organogenesis and floral meristem size through fine-tuning auxin biosynthesis.

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“…Two papers detail exciting protocols for live-imaging of plant organs at a cellular level. Prunet et al (Prunet et al, 2016) describe a protocol for imaging growing shoot apices to produce stunning time lapses of flower bud growth. Angels de Luis Balaguer et al (de Luis Balaguer et al, 2016) provide a protocol for a 3D-printed growth and imaging chamber (dubbed Multi-sample Arabidopsis Growth and Imaging Chamber: MAGIC) to be used with Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) and a FIJIbased pipeline to allow semi-automatic processing of images.…”

Section: A Cellular Basis For Plant Developmental Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%