ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome of fresh and vitrification frozen-thawed embryo transfer (ET) cycles after rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Study designWe retrospectively analyzed 194 rescue ICSI cycles performed after total or near-total fertilization failure in conventional in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. After rescue ICSI, fresh or frozen-thawed ET was performed.
Patients and methodsAccording to the number (nf) of normal fertilizations (2PN) achieved using IVF before rescue ICSI was performed, the 194 rescue cycles were divided into three groups: group A (nf = 0), group B (nf = 1), and group C (nfZ2). In addition, group D represents the cases in groups A, B, and C in which the transferred embryos were obtained through rescue ICSI, and included 16 frozen-thawed and 101 fresh ET cycles. Clinical outcomes were compared in each group between fresh and frozen-thawed ET cycles using Fisher's exact test.
ResultsThe pregnancy rate was higher when using frozen-thawed ET cycles than fresh ET cycles in all groups, especially in group A [53.85% (7/13) vs. 9.18% (9/98); Po0.05] and group D [43.75% (7/16) vs. 9.90% (10/101); Po0.05]. The rates of implantation (26.47 vs. 5.56%; Po0.05) and live birth (27.27 vs. 3.85%; Po0.05) in group D were also higher in frozen-thawed cycles than in fresh ET cycles.
ConclusionDuring IVF, frozen-thawed ET is recommended if the available embryos are obtained only through rescue ICSI. Rescue ICSI is recommended when the number of normal fertilizations before rescue ICSI is less than 1.