Live and dead roots—their mass ratio in several grassland stands

Tesařová, Marta; Fiala, Karel; Studený, Vladimír

doi:10.1007/bf02874235

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, Bray (1963) reported a value as low as 340 g m -2 for timothy in the United States. However, our values were slightly lower than the 2049 to 2293 g m -2 measured to a depth of 15 cm by Tesarova et al (1982) for recultivated grasslands on two grass mixtures dominated by Phleum pratense L., Dactylis glomerata L., Alopecurus pratensis L. and Festuca pratensis Huds. receiving two different rates of fertilization.…”

Section: Root Biomasscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Root biomass and shoot to root ratios of perennial forage crops in eastern Canada

Bolinder¹,

Angers²,

Bélanger³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

175

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bolinder, M. A., Angers, D. A., Bélanger, G., Michaud, R. et Laverdière, M. R. 2002. Root biomass and shoot to root ratios of perennial forage crops in eastern Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 731-737. Shoot to root ratios (S:R) at peak standing crop are commonly used to estimate the annual crop residue C inputs to the soil from the root biomass left in the soil at harvest. However, root biomass has often been neglected in field studies and estimates of S:R for many commonly grown forage species are not available. Our objective was to determine root biomass and S:R of seven perennial grass species and two perennial legume species under eastern Canadian soil and climatic conditions. Root biomass in three soil layers (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) was measured shortly after the second harvest in the first (1995) and second (1996) year of production. Two harvests of aboveground DM were taken each year. The total root biomass (0-45 cm) in the second year of production (average of 1437 g m -2 ) was twice that measured in the first year of production (average of 683 g m -2 ). This temporal variation was mainly explained by the increase of root biomass in the 0-to 15-cm layer. The proportion of total root biomass (0-45 cm) in the 0-to 15-cm layer increased from 54 to 71% while that in the 15-to 30-cm layer decreased from 37 to 21%; the proportion of roots in the 30-to 45-cm layer remained constant at about 10% in both years. The S:R of alfalfa for the 0-15 cm depth was significantly higher than that for most of the grasses. No significant difference in S:R was observed among grass species. Recognizing that S:R may vary with locations and climatic conditions, our results suggest that average S:R of about 1.30 (values ranged from 1.01 to 1.72) in the first production year and 0.60 (values ranged from 0.43 to 0.87) in the second production year could be used as a first approximation to estimate the amount of root biomass left in the soil to a depth of 45 cm from forage crops in eastern Canada. The S:R of forage crops, particularly grasses, were lower than those of annual crops such as small-grain cereals and corn. Le rapport biomasse aérienne : biomasse racinaire (BA:BR) mesuré lorsque les cultures sont à maturité est souvent utilisé pour estimer les apports annuels de C laissés dans le sol par la BR des plantes. Cependant, la BR a souvent été négligée dans les études au champ et il n'existe pas d'estimé du rapport BA:BR pour plusieurs espèces de plantes fourragères. Notre objectif était de déterminer la BR au champ et le rapport BA:BR pour différentes espèces de plantes fourragères pérennes sous les conditions climatiques et édaphiques de l'est du Canada. Des mesures de la BR ont été effectuées pour trois couches de sol (0-15, 15-30 et 30-45 cm) et ce, pendant deux années consécutives (la première et la deuxième année de production) quelques jours après la deuxième coupe pour sept espèces de graminées et deux de légumineuses. Une variation importante dans la BR a été observée entre la première et la deuxième année de producti...

show abstract

Section: Root Biomasscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Root biomass and shoot to root ratios of perennial forage crops in eastern Canada

Bolinder¹,

Angers²,

Bélanger³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

175

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Traditional soil blocks and soil cores (see Fiala, 1990a) were taken to the depth of 150 (200) mm for quantitative determination of total belowground dry mass (TBB) since roots were mostly concentrated in upper soil layers. The vital staining method with a solution of Congo red, developed by Ward et al (1978) and modified by Tesařová et al (1982), was used to determine the proportion of living and dead roots (see also van der Maarel, Titlyanova, 1989). Living and dead rhizomes and shoot bases were distinguished visually according to their colour and mechanical consistency.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Belowground plant biomass of grassland ecosystems and its variation according to ecological factors

Fiala¹

2010

ekol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The monoliths were washed and the plant material collected in a 0.5 mm sieve. The below-ground plant material from small monoliths was dyed immediately after washing, following the technique proposed by Ward et al (1978) for cultivated annual species and successfully used for perennial meadow grasses and herbs by Tesarova, Fiala & Studeny (1982). Fresh roots are stained with a congored solution (1 mg congo-red per 100 ml of water) and then fixed in alcohol.…”

Section: Field Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation succession and biological turnover on coal‐mining spoils

Titlyanova

Миронычева-Токарева

1990

J Vegetation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper describes secondary revegetation and biological turnover development on coal‐mining spoils. Qualitative and quantitative changes in species composition, rate of succession, formation of plant bio‐mass structure and net primary production are described for revegetation stages with an undisturbed meadow system as a reference. The development of biological turnover in grasslands has four stages. The first stage is characterized by the growth of weedy species, high above‐ground standing crop and production and low below‐ground production. The second stage includes the establishment of perennial grasses, a decrease in the above‐ground plant biomass and production, an increase of the below‐ground living and dead root mass, formation of the plant material structure (distribution of plant material among the compartments of the ecosystem) close to steady‐state pattern, the approach to the balance between net primary production and organic matter decomposition. During the third stage a mature species composition is formed and below‐ground production increases up to the steady‐state level. At the fourth stage the humus storage reaches its steady‐state value.

show abstract

Live and dead roots—their mass ratio in several grassland stands

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Root biomass and shoot to root ratios of perennial forage crops in eastern Canada

Root biomass and shoot to root ratios of perennial forage crops in eastern Canada

Belowground plant biomass of grassland ecosystems and its variation according to ecological factors

Vegetation succession and biological turnover on coal‐mining spoils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About