Litter Size Does Not Interfere with Fertility in Common Marmosets, Callithrix jacchus

Sousa, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de; Silva, H.P.A.; Vidal, Jaramillo

doi:10.1159/000021674

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, 800 (50.2%) twins, 556 (34.9%) triplets, and 198 (12.4%) singletons have been observed by Tardif et al (2003) among a total of 1592 term deliveries. It has been shown that litter size does not interfere with fertility in marmosets (Sousa et al, 1999).…”

Section: General Features Of Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on testicular development, structure, function, and regulation in common marmoset

Donald

Golub

2005

Birth Defect Res B

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It seems that the endocrine system including the testis in marmosets has some unique features that have not been observed in rodents, Old World primates, and humans, but detailed comparison in these features among these species will be presented in another review. Based on the data available, marmoset seems to be an interesting model for comparative studies. However, interpretation of experimental findings on the testicular effects in marmosets should be made with serious caution. Depending on potential mode of testicular actions of the chemical under investigation, marmoset may have very limited value in predicting potential testicular or steroid hormone-related endocrine effects of test chemicals in humans.

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Section: General Features Of Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on testicular development, structure, function, and regulation in common marmoset

Donald

Golub

2005

Birth Defect Res B

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“…Females typically produce dizygotictwin litters, which at birth can weigh as much as 15-25% of the female's own body weight (Kleiman, 1977). Moreover, marmosets and tamarins do not exhibit lactational suppression of ovulation (e.g., Lunn and McNeilly, 1982;French, 1983;Sousa et al, 1999). Instead, a postpartum ovulation occurs two to four weeks following birth (e.g., Ziegler et al, 1990;French et al, 1996a), so that females can conceive while still nursing and carrying their current litter of large, twin infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic mothers: female marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii) reduce their investment in offspring when they have to, and when they can

Fite

Patera

French

et al. 2005

Journal of Human Evolution

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All female primates incur energetic costs associated with producing and caring for offspring, but females belonging to the New World primate family Callitrichidae, the marmosets and tamarins, appear to face even further demands. In fact, the energetic demands of rearing callitrichid infants are thought to have led to the evolution of cooperative infant care in these species. If this explanation is true, then one might expect that natural selection should also have shaped patterns of maternal behavior to be sensitive to the costs of reproduction and equipped females to reduce their investment in offspring under certain conditions. Therefore, we examined the maternal effort and postpartum endocrine profiles of individual female marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii) across conditions that represented two hallmarks of callitrichid reproduction-conception during the early postpartum period and alloparental assistance. When females conceived during the early postpartum period and faced the upcoming demands of caring for their newly conceived litters (Study 1), they significantly reduced their caregiving effort and had significantly higher postpartum levels of estradiol relative to breeding attempts in which conception occurred later in the postpartum period. Postpartum estradiol was negatively correlated with maternal carrying effort. When experienced alloparents were present (Study 2), females again reduced their caregiving effort relative to breeding attempts in which experienced alloparents were not present. Postpartum cortisol, however, did not vary as a function of experienced alloparental assistance. The results of these studies suggest that female marmosets have been subjected to similar selection pressures as females of other primate taxa-to maximize their reproductive success by reducing their investment in offspring under the worst and best of conditions-and suggest that hormones may mediate within-female variation in maternal care. These studies also provide support for the notion that mothers are "flexible opportunists" when it comes to providing care to their young.

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“…The concept of "tradeoffs" between current and future reproduction is well established [Stearns, 1992], and has been demonstrated in natural and manipulated populations of various species, including red deer (Cervus elaphus), collared and pied flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis, F. hypoleuca) and great tits (Parus major) [Clutton-Brock et al, 1983;Gustafsson & Pärt, 1990;Slagsvold, 1984] (but see Pettifor et al [1988]). Data from studies of captive marmosets (Callithrix jacchus [Sousa et al, 1999]) and lion tamarins (Leontopithecus sp. [French et al, 1996]) do not support the existence of such trade-offs for callitrichids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of variability in numbers of live births in wild golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia)

Bales

O’Herron

Baker

et al. 2001

American J Primatol

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We examined the effects of several variables on the number of live births in multiparous females in a wild population of golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia). Independent variables included the number of infants born to a female the previous breeding season, the number of infants weaned the previous breeding season, the female's age and body mass, the number of adult males and helpers in the group, and the inbreeding coefficient of the offspring. We also tested the hypothesis that trapping and chemical immobilization during pregnancy affected the number of live births. Female body mass was the only statistically significant predictor of the number of live-born infants in the current season when both first and second peaks were included. Characteristics that predicted higher numbers of infants in the first peak of a season were the number of infants born the previous season and the body mass of the female. The greater the number of infants born the previous season, the greater the number of infants born in the first peak of the current season. Factors positively correlated with the number of live births in the second peak within a season included the number of infants born the previous season, as well as the number of available helpers. Due to sample size constraints, the analysis of litters in the second peak did not include body mass of the female as a variable. Inbreeding and handling did not affect the number of live births. We found no evidence that current reproduction negatively impacts future reproduction in this species. We also found no evidence for an age-related reduction in fertility.

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Litter Size Does Not Interfere with Fertility in Common Marmosets, Callithrix jacchus

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Review on testicular development, structure, function, and regulation in common marmoset

Review on testicular development, structure, function, and regulation in common marmoset

Opportunistic mothers: female marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii) reduce their investment in offspring when they have to, and when they can

Sources of variability in numbers of live births in wild golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia)

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