Lithium Recovery from Oil and Gas Produced Water: A Need for a Growing Energy Industry

Kumar, Amit; Fukuda, Hiroki; Hatton, T. Alan; Lienhard, John H.

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00779

Cited by 132 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…[321] Recently, electrochemical lithium recovery has been introduced as a possible alternative to extract lithium from Li + -containing solutions like geothermal water or industrial wastewater due to its high efficiency, selectivity, and low energy consumption. [319,322,323] This method generally uses lithium-selective materials to recover lithium, such as LiFePO 4 /FePO 4 , [324,325] -MnO 2 , [326,327] and lithium manganese oxides. [328,329] For example, Pasta et al [325] reported a lithium recovery system consisting of LiFePO 4 as a Li + capture electrode and Ag as a Cl − capture electrode, which efficiently recovered lithium as LiCl from a sodium-rich solution (mole ratio: Na/Li = 100/1).…”

Section: Lithium Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 321 ] Recently, electrochemical lithium recovery has been introduced as a possible alternative to extract lithium from Li + ‐containing solutions like geothermal water or industrial wastewater due to its high efficiency, selectivity, and low energy consumption. [ 319,322,323 ] This method generally uses lithium‐selective materials to recover lithium, such as LiFePO 4 /FePO 4 , [ 324,325 ] λ ‐MnO 2 , [ 326,327 ] and lithium manganese oxides. [ 328,329 ] For example, Pasta et al.…”

Section: Tailored Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Faradaic Electrodes Open a New Era for Capacitive Deionization

et al. 2020

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Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technology for effective removal of ionic species from aqueous solutions. Compared to conventional CDI, which is based on carbon electrodes and struggles with high salinity streams due to a limited salt removal capacity by ion electrosorption and excessive co-ion expulsion, the emerging Faradaic electrodes provide unique opportunities to upgrade the CDI performance, i.e., achieving much higher salt removal capacities and energy-efficient desalination for high salinity streams, due to the Faradaic reaction for ion capture. This article presents a comprehensive overview on the current developments of Faradaic electrode materials for CDI. Here, the fundamentals of Faradaic electrode-based CDI are first introduced in detail, including novel CDI cell architectures, key CDI performance metrics, ion capture mechanisms, and the design principles of Faradaic electrode materials. Three main categories of Faradaic electrode materials are summarized and discussed regarding their crystal structure, physicochemical characteristics, and desalination performance. In particular, the ion capture mechanisms in Faradaic electrode materials are highlighted to obtain a better understanding of the CDI process. Moreover, novel tailored applications, including selective ion removal and contaminant removal, are specifically introduced. Finally, the remaining challenges and research directions are also outlined to provide guidelines for future research.

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Section: Lithium Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tailored Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faradaic Electrodes Open a New Era for Capacitive Deionization

et al. 2020

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“…To this end, current Li extraction processes are spatially and temporally inefficient, and high concentrations of other cations such as Na + and Mg 2+ in these waters make the selective recovery of Li challenging from an operational perspective. 287,288 Finally, proteins from meat processing represent an additional opportunity for addressing the economic challenges associated with treatment and disposal of waste from the food industry. Processes that have been considered for treatment of meat processing wastes include flotation, coagulation, adsorption, centrifugation, oxidation, biodegradation, ozonation, enzymatic treatments, and membrane technology, but few studies have considered the recovery of proteins as a parallel treatment objective.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Alliance for Water Innovation (NAWI) Agriculture Sector Technology Roadmap 2021

Dionysiou¹,

Katz²,

Xu³

et al. 2021

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Cost metrics can include levelized costs of water treatment as well as individual cost components, such capital or operations and maintenance (O&M) costs. Energy PerformanceEnergy performance metrics can include the total energy requirements of the water treatment process, the type of energy required (e.g., thermal vs. electricity), embedded energy in chemicals and materials, and the degree to which alternative energy resources are utilized. Water Treatment PerformanceWater treatment performance metrics can include the percent removal of various contaminants of concern and the percent recovery of water from the treatment train. Human Health and Environment ExternalitiesExternality metrics can include air emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, waste streams, societal and health impacts, land-use impacts. Process AdaptabilityProcess adaptability metrics can include the ability to incorporate variable input water qualities, the ability to incorporate variable input water quantity flows, the ability to produce variable output water quality, and the ability to operate flexibly in response to variable energy inputs.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated the potential to recover constituents including gypsum, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodine, lithium salts, potassium salts, and metals such as copper. 105 With technological advances, it may also be feasible to extract rare earth elements from produced water. Similarly, enhanced water recovery methods from produced water could aid in reducing freshwater usage in the industry as issues of water scarcity complicate water sourcing.…”

Section: Resource Recovery Considerations In Oil and Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Alliance for Water Innovation (NAWI) Resource Extraction Sector Technology Roadmap 2021

Cath

Chellam

Katz

et al. 2021

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Industrial WastewaterWater from various industrial processes that can be treated for reused Municipal WastewaterWastewater treated for reuse through municipal resource recovery treatment plants utilizing advanced treatment processes or decentralized treatment systems Agricultural WastewaterWastewater from tile drainage, tailwater, and other water produced on irrigated croplands as well as wastewater generated during livestock management that can be treated for reuse or disposal to the environment Mining WastewaterWastewater from mining operations that can be reused or prepared for disposal Produced WaterWater used for or produced by oil and gas exploration activities (including fracking) that can be reused or prepared for disposal Power and Cooling WastewaterWater used for cooling or as a byproduct of treatment (e.g., flue gas desulfurization) that can be reused or prepared for disposal PowerWater used in the electricity sector, especially for thermoelectric cooling Resource ExtractionWater used to extract resources, including mining and oil and gas exploration and production IndustrialWater used in industrial and manufacturing activities not included elsewhere, including but not limited to petrochemical refining, food and beverage processing, metallurgy, and commercial and institutional building cooling MunicipalWater used by public water systems, which include entities that are both publicly and privately owned, to supply customers in their service area

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Lithium Recovery from Oil and Gas Produced Water: A Need for a Growing Energy Industry

Cited by 132 publications

References 13 publications

Faradaic Electrodes Open a New Era for Capacitive Deionization

Faradaic Electrodes Open a New Era for Capacitive Deionization

National Alliance for Water Innovation (NAWI) Agriculture Sector Technology Roadmap 2021

National Alliance for Water Innovation (NAWI) Resource Extraction Sector Technology Roadmap 2021

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