Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes of Stacked Nanowire Laminate for Ultrahigh Areal Capacities

Abstract

Herein, a stacked Ge/Cu nanowire (NW) laminate made by stacking several Ge/Cu nanowire laminates accompanied by the conductive glue adhesives is used to achieve high capacity output per unit area (>10 mA h cm −2 ). The combination of Cu NWs and conductive adhesives constructs a tough and conducting network through the electrode, and the stacked Ge/ Cu nanowire laminate electrodes can load an ultrahigh mass of 14.8 mg Ge per unit area and provide an areal capacity output over 16 mA h cm −2 . A fullcell with an areal capacity of 11 mA h cm −2 built by stacked Ge/Cu nanowire laminate anode and Li(Ni 0.5 Co 0.3 Mn 0.2 )O 2 cathode was prepared and used to supply electricity for electronic devices, demonstrating their potential to be a candidate anode for high areal capacity Li-ion microbatteries that can be used for high-tech and integrated microsystems with limited space.

Porous RuOxNySz Electrodes for Microsupercapacitors and Microbatteries with Enhanced Areal Performance

“…The comparison of charge storage ability as a function of applied current (Figure b) indicates the interaction toward H + to be apt for high-power applications, whereas the reaction with Li + is more appealing for high-energy type requirements. The high areal capacity and durability of porous RuO x N y S z in Li + cells make it a promising Li-free microbattery cathode as compared to other reported metal oxide type active materials (Figure c), while its performance as supercapacitor electrode also stands out as the highest ever reported areal capacitance (∼14 F cm –2 ) to the best of our knowledge (Figure d). ,,,,,− …”

“…The high areal capacity and durability of porous RuOxNySz in Li + cells make it a promising Li-free microbattery cathode as compared to other reported metal oxide type active materials (Figure 4c) while its performance as supercapacitor electrode also stands out as the highest ever reported areal capacitance (~14 F cm -2 ) to the best of our knowledge (Figure 4d). 3,33,34,43,44,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] To assess the performance of this electrode material in a microdevice, we created an all-solid-state microsupercapacitor in an interdigitated configuration integrated on a silicon wafer, using a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based electrolyte doped with silicotungstic acid (H4SiW12O40, SiWa) as well as with [EMIM][TFSI] ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide) doped with SiWa. A thin metallic Ti/Au sublayer were first patterned onto an oxidized silicon wafer using conventional photolithography and lift-off techniques.…”

A Hierarchical Copper Oxide–Germanium Hybrid Film for High Areal Capacity Lithium Ion Batteries

“…However, the areal capacities of the most obtained electrodes are <2 mA h cm −2 , which is lower than the commercial specification of 3-4 mA h cm −2 (Cong et al, 2017). Normally, larger mass loading of active materials will make contribution to higher areal capacities but meanwhile sacrificing electrochemical performance (Chang et al, 2019). There is an increasing concern about fabricating self-supporting electrodes with high areal capacity as well as good electrochemical performance.…”

“…Although these nanoengineering strategies have effectively improved the Li + ions storage performance of these highcapacity electrodes (Sun et al, 2018), most of these nanoscale metal oxides/group-IV elements and corresponding composites are mixed with organic binders and conductive carbon and then fabricate into electrode, which complicate the fabrication process (Wang et al, 2012). The bonding force between traditionally used binders and high-capacity active materials is too weak to maintain a stable performance after long-term cycling (Chang et al, 2019).…”

Using Orthogonal Ploughing/Extrusion to Fabricate Three-Dimensional On-Chip-Structured Current Collector for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…With the rapid development and massive production of mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and various electronic devices, it is highly urgent to explore high-efficiency energy harvesting and storage devices. − As a competent candidate, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been extensively used as industrial solutions to power commercial products because of their advantages such as high specific capacity, good cycle performance, slow self-discharge rate, and long lifespan. − The LIB is an electrochemical system comprised of the battery shell, electrode active material, separator, current collector, and electrolyte. − The specific capacity, energy density, and other key properties of the battery are closely related to the active materials and corresponding three-dimensional (3D) structures. − At present, the anode active material for commercial LIBs is mostly made of graphite such as natural graphite, mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), acetylene black, and pyrolysis carbon. Among these materials, the MCMB is widely used because it has good electrical conductivity, stable structure, and low cost and is easy to obtain. − However, for practical applications under long-term cyclic discharge–charge operation, a serious volume change inevitably occurs to the graphite electrode material, making the active material particles fall off the surface of the current collectors.…”