Lithium Induced Toxicity in Rats: Blood Serum Chemistry, Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Blood Cells and Histopathological Studies

Ahmad, Mohammad; Elnakady, Yasser A.; Farooq, Muhammad Umar; Wadaan, Muhammad A.

doi:10.1248/bpb.34.272

Cited by 53 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The principle of the test was based on the method described by Peake and Whiting (2006). Reflotron, is a solid phase reagent technology capable of measuring a wide range of analytes on whole blood, plasma or serum samples and the results show good concordance with conventional wet chemistry methods (Ahmad et al, 2011).…”

Section: Serum Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

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Kidney histotexure and serum creatinine level in response to concurrent administration of alcohol and coffee in mice

Islam¹,

Islam

Hossain

et al. 2016

Bangl. vet.

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The effect of alcohol and coffee on renal function with pathological changes in kidney was determined in mice. Sixty Albino mice were randomly divided into six equal groups. The mice of group A were maintained as control and remaining five groups were used as treated groups. The mice of control group were supplied with normal mice pellets whereas other groups were supplied with same pellets in addition to 5% coffee (in drinking water), 10% coffee, 10% alcohol, 5% coffee plus 5% alcohol and 10% coffee plus 10% alcohol, for 90 days. The serum creatinine level was significantly (P<0.01) higher in groups supplied with alcohol. There was huge infiltration of reactive cells and mild haemorrhagic spots in kidney of mice that received 10% coffee and 10% alcohol, respectively. It is suggested that long use of high doses of alcohol and coffee impaired kidney function. (Bangl. vet.

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Section: Serum Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Histopathology: This was done according to the standard procedure (Ahmad et al, 2011). In brief, after blood collection, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation.…”

Section: Serum Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney histotexure and serum creatinine level in response to concurrent administration of alcohol and coffee in mice

Islam¹,

Islam

Hossain

et al. 2016

Bangl. vet.

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“…ATPase, hepatic phase II drug metabolizing enzymes and hepatic trace elemental profile (Tandon et al 1997(Tandon et al , 1999. Lithium stimulates transamination reaction in hepatic and renal tissues and inhibits the levels of serum alanine and aspartate transaminases (ALT and AST) (Ahmad et al 2011). Lithium reduced the glutathione (GSH) levels and also increased lipid peroxidation and the activities of antioxidative enzymes, which included catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase (Malhotra and Dhawan 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione mediated reductive activation and mitochondrial dysfunction play key roles in lithium induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in liver

et al. 2012

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Lithium preparations are commonly used drug in treating mental disorders and bipolar diseases, but metal's cytotoxic mechanisms have not yet been completely understood. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of lithium in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Lithium cytotoxicity were associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release into the hepatocyte cytosol. All of the mentioned lithium-induced cytotoxicity markers were significantly (P < 0.05) prevented by ROS scavengers, antioxidants, mitochondrial permeability transition pore sealing agents and adenosine triphosphate generators. Hepatocyte glutathione (GSH) was also rapidly oxidized and GSH-depleted hepatocytes were more resistant to lithium-induced oxidative stress markers. This suggests that lithium is activated by GSH. Our results also showed that CYP2E1 is involved in lithium oxidative stress mechanism. Lithium cytotoxicity was also associated with mitochondrial injuries initiated by increased ROS formation resulted from metal-CYP2E1 destructive interaction or metal-induced disruption of mitochondrial electron transfer chain. Methyl donors such as betaine, methionine, or folic acid prevented lithium cytotoxicity, and this suggests that this metal is detoxified by phase II metabolic methylation. In conclusion lithium-induced cytotoxicity could be attributed to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

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“…But all histopathological changes were more prominent at higher dose. Ahmad et al [26] reported that LiCl treatment caused significant and dose-dependent tissue damages in the liver and kidney. The results of our study are consistent with their findings as far as histopathological changes are concerned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Lithium Administration on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Rats: Biochemical and Histomorphological Evaluations

Toplan

Özdemir

Tanrıverdi

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Present study was planned to determine possible dose-dependent effects of lithium (Li) on oxidant-antioxidant status and histomorphological changes in liver and kidney tissues. For this purpose, twenty-four Wistar male rats were equally divided into three groups: the rats in group I served as controls, drinking tap water without lithium. Groups II and III received 0.1 and 0.2 % lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) through their drinking water, respectively, for 30 days. At the end of the experimental period, lithium concentrations, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured in considered tissues. Histomorphological study was also performed on liver and kidney tissues. Compared to controls, MDA was significantly higher but GSH level lower in groups II and III. SOD activity was higher in group III, but no difference was determined in group II in liver tissue. In kidney tissue, there was no difference determined in MDA and GSH levels between control and experimental groups but SOD activity in groups II and III was significantly higher. In histologic sections of both experimental liver and kidney tissues, specific degenerations were observed. The results of the present study show that treatment with lithium carbonate may result in liver and kidney tissue abnormalities and oxidative damage.

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Lithium Induced Toxicity in Rats: Blood Serum Chemistry, Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Blood Cells and Histopathological Studies

Cited by 53 publications

References 38 publications

Kidney histotexure and serum creatinine level in response to concurrent administration of alcohol and coffee in mice

Kidney histotexure and serum creatinine level in response to concurrent administration of alcohol and coffee in mice

Glutathione mediated reductive activation and mitochondrial dysfunction play key roles in lithium induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in liver

The Effects of Lithium Administration on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Rats: Biochemical and Histomorphological Evaluations

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