Lithium and the Question of Kidney Damage

Jenner, F. A.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1979.01780080062014

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, the renal effects of lithium com pounds have been reviewed as side effects (1,2). Previous studies reported the lithium induced histological changes in proximal tubules as well as in the distal and collecting tubules in the kidney (3,4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of lithium on organic ion transport in rat kidney cortical slices.

Gemba¹,

Mikuriya²,

Tachibana³

et al. 1984

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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confidence: 99%

Effect of lithium on organic ion transport in rat kidney cortical slices.

Gemba¹,

Mikuriya²,

Tachibana³

et al. 1984

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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“…Severe toxic side effects are rarely reported in these studies, probably due to regular monitoring of serum lithium levels, but follow-ups of this kind niay be particularly important in the treatment of chronic alcoholics as elevated lithium levels have been reported in some of these patients who had varying degrees of liver dysfunction when compared to control subjects [3]. Lithium has been used safely for patients with affective disorders over long periods of time, and though some cases of nephrotoxicity have been reported [20] any relationship to severe functional impairment is unclear, and any contributions of other drug treatments and from the clinical condition itself have yet to be evaluated [19,26]. The possibility of toxicity can be reduced if lower doses of lithium are of benefit to alcoholics but this has not as yet been investigated.…”

Section: Comments and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium and the Treatment of Alcoholism: A Critical Review

McMillan

1981

British Journal of Addiction

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Lithium has been tried in many psychiatric conditions but its efficacy has been firmly established only in the case of certain affective disorders. Many alcoholics are also clinically depressed and it therefore seems possible that lithium could be of benefit in treating alcoholics who have concurrent affective disturbances; this suggestion is supported by the results of studies so far reported.For the moment however, evidence from long-term investigations on alcoholics indicate that therapeutic effects of lithium are not simply caused by an alleviation of associated affective disorders, and the role of the mood disturbance in treatment response is not clear. Observations in acute studies suggest a possible mechanism of action, as lithium can attenuate the moodelevating effects of alcohol in subjects who abuse drugs or are depressed. Unfortunately many of these clinical reports are uncontrolled and can be criticized on other methodological grounds, and further double-blind studies which include comparisons with other drug treatments are required.Studies on rodents show that alcohol drinking is often reduced by lithium, but these results must be interpreted cautiously because lithium may produce conditioned aversion to alcohol and such a mechanism of action is unlikely in long-term studies on man.

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“…Although lithium salts have recently been used in the treatment of the manic phase of affective psychosis, the renal effects of lithium salts in man and experimental animals have also been realized [14,22], We previously reported the effect of lithium on organic ion transport in rat kidney cortical slices [11] as an in vitro representative of proximal tubular functions [2], In the pre vious paper it was postulated that lithium inhibited the accumulation of //-aminohippuratc (PAH), as a prototype for organic anions, without affecting that of tetraethylammonium, as a prototype for organic ca tions, in the slices. However, the mechanism by which lithium inhibits PAH accumula tion in kidney cortical slices remains ob scure, and there is no information as to whether lithium has a direct effect on PAH uptake by renal basolateral plasma mem brane vesicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of Lithium on <i>p</i>-Aminohippurate Transport in Rat Kidney Cortex in vitro

Gemba¹,

Tachibana²,

Sugihara³

et al. 1985

Kidney Blood Press Res

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The effect of lithium on p-aminohippurate (PAH) transport was studied using slices and basolateral membrane vesicles prepared from rat kidney cortex. The addition of lithium in concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 5 mM caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of PAH accumulation in the slices. Lithium inhibited PAH accumulation in the slices, not only during the rapid uptake period (after 10 min) but also during the approach to equilibrium (after 30 min). The effect of lithium (2 mM) in the slices was irreversible. The inhibitory effect of lithium was not the result of changes in the water distribution and the concentrations of ATP, sodium and potassium in the slices during incubation. The effect of lithium on the kinetic parameters for PAH accumulation was to decrease V_max, while apparent K_m remained constant. There was no lithium effect on the efflux of PAH from the slices back into the incubation medium, indicating that lithium inhibited PAH influx to the kidney cells. No evidence was obtained to indicate that lithium (1 mM) directly affected PAH uptake by isolated basolateral membrane vesicles. These results suggest that lithium seems to affect metabolism linked to the carriers for PAH transport other than ATP production and sodium gradient and then seems to decrease the mobility of the carriers in the membranes.

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Lithium and the Question of Kidney Damage

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of lithium on organic ion transport in rat kidney cortical slices.

Effect of lithium on organic ion transport in rat kidney cortical slices.

Lithium and the Treatment of Alcoholism: A Critical Review

Inhibitory Effect of Lithium on <i>p</i>-Aminohippurate Transport in Rat Kidney Cortex in vitro

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