Literature Review: Coinfection in Young Ruminant Livestock—Cryptosporidium spp. and Its Companions

Delling, Cora; Daugschies, Arwid

doi:10.3390/pathogens11010103

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(436 reference statements)

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“…The symptoms of Giardia sis are diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss [ 1 , 10 , 30 ]. Livestock has been reported as a common reservoir of G. duodenalis , with an individual prevalence ranging from 0 to 73% [ 9 , 17 ]. Although G. duodenalis infection is commonly asymptomatic, many reports of Giardia sis in calves, goats and lambs show decreased weight gain and impairment in feed efficiency, causing significant economic losses to the farm [ 1 , 12 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Dong

Bian

et al. 2022

Parasite

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Giardia duodenalis is an important zoonotic parasite that causes economic losses to animal husbandry and threatens public health. In the present study, a total of 1466 fresh fecal samples were collected from sheep (n = 797), goats (n = 561) and beef cattle (n = 108) in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China. Giardia duodenalis was initially screened via nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the β-giardin (bg) gene, and bg-positive samples were subjected to PCR amplification targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. A total of 4.0% of samples (58/1466) were positive for G. duodenalis, with a prevalence of 3.4% in sheep, 3.7% in goats and 5.2% in beef cattle. Three G. duodenalis assemblages (A, B, and E) were identified, with E as the prevalent assemblage. Four and one novel assemblage E sequences were obtained for the gdh and tpi loci, respectively and four assemblage E multilocus genotypes (MLG) were obtained. This study demonstrates high genetic variations in G. duodenalis assemblage E, and provides baseline data for preventing and controlling G. duodenalis infection in livestock in Inner Mongolia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Dong

Bian

et al. 2022

Parasite

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“…in goats. The prevalence of both parasites is age-related, but simultaneous infection seems not to be a very common scenario [ 67 ]. However, in this study, 150 samples/391 had mixed infection with Eimeria and Cryptosporidium , which represents an important number to consider in control measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apicomplexans in Goat: Prevalence of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium spp., Eimeria spp. and Risk Factors in Farms from Ecuador

Celi

Guzmán

Rey-Valeirón

2022

Animals

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Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium and Eimeria cause severe impacts on the productivity of goat herds. The objectives of the present study were to establish the prevalence of these apicomplexans in goat farms from Ecuador; to evaluate a rapid test for Cryptosporidium diagnosis and to identify the risk factors associated with the infections. A questionnaire was designed to obtain information from 24 goat farms from Zapotillo, Garza Real, Cazaderos, Limones and Paletillas parishes in Ecuador. Blood (n = 388) and feces (n = 391) samples were collected. Indirect ELISA and standard parasitological assays were carried out to evaluate the seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii and to detect oocysts of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria. The overall prevalence values of N. caninum and T. gondii were 12.11% and 18.20%, Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. oocysts were detected in 10.49% and 89.51% of the total samples. A low correlation value was found between the results obtained by Ziehl-Nielsen and the rapid test. The multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that vitamin supplementation, age of diarrhea, frequency of deworming, pasture area, presence of artiodactyls, domestic fowl, administration of sulfas, age group, body condition, abortions, type of pastures and the presence of cattle were risk factors according to the parasite species.

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“…However, apart from these beneficial effects, there are some parasitic protozoa which can cause harm to the animals. For example, Cryptosporidium species cause gastrointestinal disease in ruminants ultimately affecting their production (Delling and Daugschies, 2022). Hence, the control of these harmful protozoa becomes necessary.…”

Section: Anti-protozoal Activity Of Garlic In Rumi-nantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Ruminants

Munir,

Shakoor,

Sindhu

et al. 2023

Complementary and Alternative Medicine: One Health Perspective

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Parasites pose a potential threat to livestock farming by inflicting heavy economic losses, thus, emphasizing their control for successful farming. Conventionally, this control has long been achieved through anti-parasitic drugs. However, due to the emergence of resistance in parasites against these drugs and the presence of their residues in animal products, there is an increased interest in searching for safe and effective alternatives like garlic. Garlic is a natural spice that is enriched with many health-beneficial compounds. Historically, it has long been used as a natural remedy for certain diseases. Recent research on garlic, especially its organosulfur compounds, has shown a wide range of therapeutic effects. It bears antioxidant, antiparasitic, antihypertensive, and antimicrobial properties. It is effective against various protozoa and helminths of ruminants. It modulates the gastrointestinal environment and works as a growth-promoting agent in ruminants. However, there exist some barriers to the practical application of garlic in ruminants which are also discussed in this chapter.

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Literature Review: Coinfection in Young Ruminant Livestock—Cryptosporidium spp. and Its Companions

Cited by 16 publications

References 265 publications

Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Apicomplexans in Goat: Prevalence of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium spp., Eimeria spp. and Risk Factors in Farms from Ecuador

Therapeutic Potential of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Ruminants

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