Literatur

Stephan, Heinz

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-80890-6_11

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 806 publications

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“…Likewise, layer I in the caudal half of the entorhinal cortex has more myelinated fibers than in the rostral half and presents a thick sublamina tangentialis whose fibers cross in all directions. Here the density of myelinated fibers is largely responsible for the macroscopically visible substantia reticularis alba of Arnold (Stephan, 1975). The aggregated fibers, together with the fibers of the deep portion of layer 11, surround the characteristic cell islands of layer I1 in such a way that in stained preparations the islands apppear pale against a dark background ( Fig.…”

Section: Histologic Appearance Of the Entorhinal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Subsequent cytoarchitectonic studies of the human entorhinal cortex stressed the presence of gradients, which different investigators have interpreted as discrete areas of small size, often included in larger divisions. Among these, medial, lateral rostral, and lateral main divisions are consistently recognized (for early maps, see Stephan, 1975). The classical work of Vogt and Vogt (1919) included no less than 10 fields.…”

Section: Historical Overview and Proposed Division Of The Entorhinal mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis

Insausti

Tuñón

Sobreviela

et al. 1995

J of Comparative Neurology

261

253

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The entorhinal cortex of man is in the medial aspect of the temporal lobe. As in other mammalian species, it constitutes an essential component of the hippocampal formation and the route through which the neocortex interacts with the hippocampus. The importance of knowing its architecture in detail arises from the possibility of extrapolating it to experimental findings, notably in the nonhuman primate. We have investigated the cytoarchitectonic features of the human entorhinal cortex by using as a base our previous study (D.G. Amaral, R. Insausti, and W.M. Cowan [1987] J. Comp. Neurol. 264:326-355) of the nonhuman primate entorhinal cortex. We prepared serial sections of the temporal lobe from 35 normal brains. Thionin- and myelin-stained series were made of all cases. Sections spaced 500 microns apart through the full rostrocaudal extent of the entorhinal cortex were analyzed. The human entorhinal cortex is made up of six layers, of which layer IV does not appear throughout all subfields of the entorhinal cortex. The overall appearance resembles that of the adjacent neocortex in lateral and caudal portions. In harmony with general structural principles in the nonhuman primate entorhinal cortex, our analysis supports the partitioning of the human entorhinal cortex into eight different subfields. (1) The olfactory subfield (EO), the rostralmost field, is little laminated. (2) The lateral rostral subfield (ELr), laterally located, merges with the laterally adjacent perirhinal cortex. (3) The rostral subfield (ER) is between EO and ELr, with better differentiation of layers II and III than EO. (4) The medial intermediate subfield (EMI) is located at the medial border. (5) The intermediate field (EI) is a lateral continuation of EMI; lamina dissecans (layer IV) can be best appreciated in this field. (6) The lateral caudal subfield (ELc) laterally borders on EI as a continuation of ELr. (7) The caudal subfield (EC) lies caudal to the beginning of the hippocampal fissure, with a distinctive, clear space (Vc) between layers V and VI. (8) The caudal limiting field (ECL) forms the caudal termination of the entorhinal cortex. Thus our parcellation of the entorhinal cortex in man is largely parallel to that arrived at in the monkey. This close homology provides a rational basis for the application to clinical problems of anatomical and functional information obtained in experimental work in nonhuman primates.

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Section: Histologic Appearance Of the Entorhinal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Historical Overview and Proposed Division Of The Entorhinal mentioning

confidence: 99%

The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis

Insausti

Tuñón

Sobreviela

et al. 1995

J of Comparative Neurology

261

253

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Perhaps the most interesting of them is the sulcus semiannularis (Stephan, 1975), prominent in man as well as in nonhuman primates. In other mammals such as the rat, it is generally known as either the sulcus semiannularis (Stephan, 1975;Holm and Geneser, 1989) or the amygdaloid fissure (Haugh, 1976;Krettek and Price, 1977), and it is not nearly as prominent as in primates. Regardless of its prominence and the species being considered, it marks the medial border of the rostral entorhinal cortex up to the commencement of the hippocampal fissure.…”

Section: H Ippocampal Fissurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristic morphology of the hippocampus makes the task of recognition in different species easy, as the basic architecture presents little variation with phylogenetic development. However, the uniformity of the basic architecture of the hippocampal formation does not exclude morphologic variations from species to species.The hippocampal formation presents a multiplicity of components whose complexity precludes dealing with each one of them individually (for reviews on the hippocampal formation see Stephan, 1975;Rosene and Van Hoesen, 1987;Amaral and Witter, 1989;Witter et al, 1989a). Instead, this review focuses fiist on comparative aspects of the gross anatomy of the hippocampal formation, mostly in relation to the entorhinal-hippocampal interaction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hippocampal formation presents a multiplicity of components whose complexity precludes dealing with each one of them individually (for reviews on the hippocampal formation see Stephan, 1975;Rosene and Van Hoesen, 1987;Amaral and Witter, 1989;Witter et al, 1989a). Instead, this review focuses fiist on comparative aspects of the gross anatomy of the hippocampal formation, mostly in relation to the entorhinal-hippocampal interaction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative anatomy of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in mammals

Insausti

1993

Hippocampus

103

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Genoarchitectural Definition of the Adult Mouse Mesocortical Ring: A Contribution to Cortical Ring Theory

Puelles,

Alonso,

García‐Calero

2024

J of Comparative Neurology

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Data mining was performed at the databases of the Allen Institute for Brain Science (RRID:SCR_017001) searching for genes expressed selectively throughout the adult mouse mesocortex (transitional cortex ring predicted within the concentric ring theory of mammalian cortical structure, in contrast with central isocortex [ICx] and peripheral allocortex). We aimed to explore a shared molecular profile selective of all or most mesocortex areas. This approach checks and corroborates the precision of other previous definitory criteria, such as poor myelination and high kainate receptor level. Another aim was to examine which cortical areas properly belong to mesocortex. A total of 34 positive adult selective marker genes of mesocortex were identified, jointly with 12 negative selective markers, making a total of 46 markers. All of them identify the same set of cortical areas surrounding the molecularly different ICx as well as excluding adjacent allocortex. Four representative mesocortex markers—Crym, Lypd1, Cdh13, and Smoc2—are amply illustrated, jointly with complementary material including myelin basic protein, to check myelination, and Rorb, to check layer 4 presence. The retrosplenial (ReSp) area, long held to be mesocortical, does not share any of the 46 markers of mesocortex and instead expresses Nr4a2 and Tshz2, selective parahippocampal allocortex markers. Moreover, it is not hypomyelinic and lacks a Rorb‐positive layer 4, aspects generally present in mesocortex. Exclusion of the ReSp area from the mesocortex ring reveals the latter to be closed at this locus instead by two adjacent areas previously thought to be associative visual ICx (reidentified here molecularly as postsplenial and parasplenial mesocortex areas). The concepts of ICx, mesocortex, and parahippocampal allocortex are thus subtly modified by substantial molecular evidence.

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Literatur

Cited by 3 publications

References 806 publications

The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis

The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis

Comparative anatomy of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in mammals

Genoarchitectural Definition of the Adult Mouse Mesocortical Ring: A Contribution to Cortical Ring Theory

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