“…The ORIM Framework (Hannon and Nutbrown, 1997) was central to the KE project discussed in this paper. ORIM identifies four key roles for parents whereby they can provide Opportunities, Recognition, Interaction and a Model of literacy and distinguishes four key strands of early literacy: environmental print, made popular mainly by US research during the 1980s (Payton, 1984;Baghban, 1984;Schickedanz, 1990;Bissex 1980;Goodman et al, 1978;Hiebert, 1981); books and early reading (Weinberger 1997;Lonigan et al, 2000;Mol et al, 2008;van Steensel et al, 2011); early writing again studied by US researchers during the 1980s and taking the form of "emergent" writing (Goodman, 1980;Harste et al, 1984;Ross and Brondy, 1987;Ferrerio and Teberosky, 1989) and particularly supported by the seminal studies of Sulzby and Teale (1988) with a small number of studies continuing to develop work in the field (Rowe and Neitzel, 2010) and finally, key aspects of oral language found to support the development of others aspects of literacy (Goswami and Bryant, 1990;Maclean et al,1987;Wells, 1987;Muter et al, 2004;Justice et al, 2005). Each of these four strands also incorporates digital, technological and multi-media practices that are now part of many young children's literacy experiences (Marsh et al, 2015;Yamada-Rice, 2014;Stephen and Plowman, 2014).…”