Literacy, education and welfare in Spain (1893–1954)

Valle, Gloria Quiroga

doi:10.1080/0030923032000128818

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The literacy of the conscripts also proves to be strongly related to their biological wellbeing, coinciding with previous anthropometric research (Quiroga, 2003; Martínez-Carrión and Puche, 2009; Cámara et al, 2019). Table 4 also reflects that individuals who claimed to suffer from physical problems in order to evade military service were substantially shorter (on average 3.2 cm) than those who made no such claim.…”

Section: Results and Analysissupporting

confidence: 87%

Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on life span in rural Spain (19th-20th centuries)

Marco‐Gracia

Puche-Gil

2021

Proceedings of the 3rd International Electronic Conference on Environmental Research and Public Health —Public Health Issues In

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This article analyses the relationship between male height and age at death among adults born between 1835 and 1939 in fourteen villages in north-east Spain. A total of 1,488 conscripts who died between 1868 and 2019 have been included in the analysis. The height data have been obtained from conscriptions for military service; demographic and socioeconomic data of the deceased were obtained from parish archives and censuses. The data were linked according to nominative criteria using family reconstitution methods. The results suggest that there has been a positive relationship between height and life span in the long-term. For the birth cohorts of 1835-1869, conscripts with a height of 170 cm or more lived on average 7.6 years longer than individuals measuring less than 160 cm. This biological difference disappeared for the birth cohort of 1900-1939 due to a progressive improvement in health and nutrition conditions, benefiting especially the short conscripts.

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Section: Results and Analysissupporting

confidence: 87%

Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on life span in rural Spain (19th-20th centuries)

Marco‐Gracia

Puche-Gil

2021

Proceedings of the 3rd International Electronic Conference on Environmental Research and Public Health —Public Health Issues In

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“…This educational information does not allow us to know the actual level of literacy achieved at 21 years of age. In fact, some studies cast doubt on the veracity of the opinion of the conscripts and conclude that the functional literacy of the Spanish recruits was generally lower than that indicated in the sources of military recruitment [ 45 ]. We think, nevertheless, that such information can illuminate our analysis not only from the perspective of the conscripted population, but also from the possibility of detecting from it differences in access to education between the recruits’ families.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural Height Penalty or Socioeconomic Penalization? The Nutritional Inequality in Backward Spain

Luján

Moruno

2021

IJERPH

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This article studies the evolution of nutritional inequality, measured through the male adult height, in one of the poorest regions of Spain, in southwestern Europe: Extremadura. With a wide sample of statures of recruits born between 1855 and 1979, conscripted between 1876 and 2000, the research delves into the urban-rural height gap using coefficients of variation, tests of equality of means and proxy variables of a socioeconomic nature. The results of the analysis reveal that the strong anthropometric growth that Extremadura experienced since the last decades of the 19th century was accompanied by a less internal inequality. The lower heterogeneity did not eliminate, however, the urban-rural height gap during the period under study. In this sense, despite the absence of environmental differences between urban and rural areas in Extremadura, there was a clear rural height penalty in the region from the mid-19th century to the late 20th century. Rural punishment was fundamentally related to the greater presence of agrarian workers and the lower presence of wealthy families in villages and small towns. On the contrary, educational differences or differences in terms of nutritional health were not as decisive in the rural height penalization, at least when such differences are measured with the sources of military recruitment.

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“… 5 Quiroga (2003); Martínez-Carrión and Puche (2009); Puche (2011); Ayuda and Puche (2014, 2017); Linares and Parejo (2018); García-Montero (2018); Cañabate and Martínez-Carrión (2018); Juif and Quiroga (2018). …”

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Height and Inequality in Spain: A Long-Term Perspective

Cámara¹,

Martínez-Carrión

Puche

et al. 2019

RHE / JILAEH

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This article analyses the evolution of nutritional inequality in Spain among cohorts born between 1840 and 1964. With male height data (N = 358,253), the secular trend of biological well-being and intergenerational anthropometric inequalities are studied based on the coefficient of variation, height percentiles and socioeconomic categories (students, literate non-students and illiterate). The results reveal that the nutritional inequalities were very large in the mid-19th century. Anthropometric inequalities diminished among those born between 1880 and 1919 and increased again, although only moderately, from the cohorts of the 1920s. From the 1930s there was a cycle of sustained increase in height. Despite nutritional improvement, the data suggest that nutritional inequalities increased during the Franco regime, affecting the low-income population segments particularly.

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Literacy, education and welfare in Spain (1893–1954)

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

<em>Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on </em><em>life</em><em> </em><em>span</em><em> in </em><em>rural</em><em> </em><em>Spain</em><em> (19th-20th centuries)</em>

<em>Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on </em><em>life</em><em> </em><em>span</em><em> in </em><em>rural</em><em> </em><em>Spain</em><em> (19th-20th centuries)</em>

Rural Height Penalty or Socioeconomic Penalization? The Nutritional Inequality in Backward Spain

Height and Inequality in Spain: A Long-Term Perspective

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Literacy, education and welfare in Spain (1893–1954)

Cited by 15 publications

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&lt;em&gt;Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;life&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;span&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; in &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;rural&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; (19th-20th centuries)&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;em&gt;Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;life&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;span&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; in &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;rural&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; (19th-20th centuries)&lt;/em&gt;

Rural Height Penalty or Socioeconomic Penalization? The Nutritional Inequality in Backward Spain

Height and Inequality in Spain: A Long-Term Perspective

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<em>Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on </em><em>life</em><em> </em><em>span</em><em> in </em><em>rural</em><em> </em><em>Spain</em><em> (19th-20th centuries)</em>

<em>Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on </em><em>life</em><em> </em><em>span</em><em> in </em><em>rural</em><em> </em><em>Spain</em><em> (19th-20th centuries)</em>