Listeriosis in pregnancy: An umbrella review of maternal exposure, treatment and neonatal complications

Khsim, Ijlas El Founti; Mohanaraj-Anton, Ahalini; Horte, Ivar Benjamin; Lamont, Ronald F.; Khan, Khalid S.; Jørgensen, Jan Stener; Amezcua‐Prieto, Carmen

doi:10.1111/1471-0528.17073

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The transmission of L. monocytogenes occurs through ingestion of contaminated food, mainly raw beef, pork, or poultry; crustaceans, shellfish, or molluscs; unpasteurized milk and derivatives; and raw or poorly washed fruits and vegetables [ 8 ]. Listeriosis infections are more likely to occur in the third trimester of pregnancy, and symptoms in pregnant women are mostly flu-like, such as fever and fatigue [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Managing a Case of Neonatal Listeriosis in Portugal

Raimundo¹,

Viveiros²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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A male neonate was born at 34 weeks due to spontaneous labor with associated fetal distress and meconium-stained amniotic fluid. The neonate presented with septic shock and congenital pneumonia shortly after birth and later neurological symptoms. Listeria monocytogenes was identified in blood samples, but with negative urine and cerebrospinal fluid cultures. The neonate required assisted ventilation for a period of 10 days and received high-dose and long-term antibiotic therapy. Despite the fact that the mother denied an infectious risk for listeriosis infection, she developed mild respiratory symptoms. Her microbiological investigation was negative, although it did not include placental samples. Vertical transmission in this case was presumed but not confirmed. The newborn was discharged asymptomatic at day 26 of life and has presented normal developmental evolution until present, at eight months old. Listeria monocytogenes is a classic but relatively rare cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. This case describes a clinically successfully managed case with no possible epidemiological link and illustrates the challenges in managing cases of a public health disease. In neonatal listeriosis, communication between Neonatology and Obstetrics departments, as well as with public health, is vital, and long-term follow-up is crucial to identify possible neurological sequelae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Managing a Case of Neonatal Listeriosis in Portugal

Raimundo¹,

Viveiros²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Early-onset infection (days 1–7 of life) is associated with intrauterine infection and usually presents as premature delivery, in association with meconium-stained liquor, pustular lesions of the skin and pharynx, hypothermia and lethargy [ 28 ]. Late-onset (days 8–28 of life) is more likely to be as a result of birth canal or nosocomial transmission, and is more likely to be associated with the delivery of a healthy term baby, with development of sepsis or meningitis within the first month of life [ 29 ]. Long-term neurological damage in surviving offspring has been reported to be as high as 12.7% [ 23 , 25 ].…”

Section: Maternal-neonatal Listeriosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhombencephalitis in Pregnancy—A Challenging Case of Probable Listeria Infection

Rasheed

Norman

et al. 2022

Life

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Rhombencephalitis refers to inflammation of the brainstem and cerebellum, and can be caused by infections, autoimmune disorders or paraneoplastic syndromes. The most common infective cause is the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria monocytogenes is the predominant species to cause human listeriosis, and is commonly due to the ingestion of contaminated foods. Symptoms include a mild gastroenteritis, fever (often with extreme temperature variations), headache, and myalgia. In more severe cases, invasive disease may lead to bacteraemia and neurolisteriosis. Pregnant women are more susceptible to listeriosis, which is believed to be due to pregnancy-related immune modulation. Maternal-neonatal infection with adverse pregnancy outcomes include neonatal listeriosis, spontaneous miscarriage and intrauterine fetal demise. Diagnosis may be challenging due to initial nonspecific symptoms and low sensitivity and specificity of confirmatory diagnostic laboratory tests. Here, we describe a case of rhombencephalitis in pregnancy, attributed to Listeria, and review the clinical features, diagnosis and multidisciplinary management. Lastly, we describe the immunological response to Listeria monocytogenes and show in vitro pro-inflammatory effects of Listeria monocytogenes on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and placental explants.

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“…5 Compared with the general population, pregnant women are at nearly 10 to 20 times risk to the infection of Listeria monocytogenes due to compromised immunity. 6 In the United States, the annual incidence of listeriosis in the period from 2008 to 2016 was 0.23 to 0.27 non-pregnant cases per 100,000 population, but it increased to 2.59 to 4.92 per 100,000 population for pregnant-associated cases. 4 In Germany, 5576 listeriosis cases have been reported from 2010 to 2019 and pregnancy-associated cases accounted for nearly 9% of them (n = 486) with 241 maternal and 245 neonatal cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in Twin Pregnancy

Huang¹,

Guo²,

Duan³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Listeria monocytogenes is the conditional pathogenic bacteria, and pregnant women are at higher risk of infection due to depressed immunity. Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in twin pregnancy is rare but devastating, which puts forwards a great challenge for clinical management. Here, a 24-year-old woman was diagnosed with twin pregnancy, intrauterine death of one fetus and fever at 29 +4 week of gestation. Two days later, she developed into pericardial effusion, pneumonedema and potential septic shock. The emergent cesarean delivery was performed after anti-shock treatment. One alive and another dead fetus were delivered. Then, she developed postpartum hemorrhage after the surgery. Urgent exploratory laparotomy was conducted at the sites of cesarean section and B-Lynch suture to stop bleeding. The culture of blood and maternal side of both placentas indicated Listeria monocytogenes. Following anti-infection therapy with ampicillin-sulbactam, she recovered well and discharged with negative result of blood bacterial culture and normal inflammatory indicators. The patient was hospitalized for a total of 18 days including 2 days in the intensive care unit (ICU), and the anti-infection treatment was conducted throughout the course. Symptoms of the Listeria monocytogenes infection in pregnancy are non-specific, which should be paid more attention in case of unexplained fever and fetal distress. The blood culture is effective for accurate diagnosis. Listeria monocytogenes infection is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Close monitoring of fetal condition, early intervention with antibiotics, timely termination of pregnancy and comprehensive management of complications are essential for better prognosis.

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Listeriosis in pregnancy: An umbrella review of maternal exposure, treatment and neonatal complications

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Challenges in Managing a Case of Neonatal Listeriosis in Portugal

Challenges in Managing a Case of Neonatal Listeriosis in Portugal

Rhombencephalitis in Pregnancy—A Challenging Case of Probable Listeria Infection

Maternal Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in Twin Pregnancy

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