Listeria monocytogenes Infection from Foods Prepared in a Commercial Establishment: A Case-Control Study of Potential Sources of Sporadic Illness in the United States

Varma, Jay K.; Samuel, Michael C.; Marcus, Ruthanne; Hoekstra, Robert M.; Medus, Carlota; Segler, Suzanne; Anderson, Bridget J.; Jones, Timothy F.; Shiferaw, Beletshachew; Haubert, Nicole; Megginson, Melanie; McCarthy, Patrick V.; Graves, Lewis M.; Gilder, Thomas Van; Angulo, Frederick J.

doi:10.1086/509920

Cited by 131 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…36%) of sporadic cases (17). Our analysis of the 136 serotype 4b isolates from sporadic human listeriosis in the United States in the 2003-to-2008 period showed that the known epidemic clones were responsible for over one-half of the sporadic cases and were continuously causing listeriosis during this period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008

Lee

Ward

Graves

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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c Listeria monocytogenes can cause severe food-borne disease (listeriosis). Numerous outbreaks have involved three serotype 4b epidemic clones (ECs): ECI, ECII, and ECIa. However, little is known about the population structure of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b from sporadic listeriosis in the United States, even though most cases of human listeriosis are in fact sporadic. Here we analyzed 136 serotype 4b isolates from sporadic cases in the United States, 2003 to 2008, utilizing multiple tools including multilocus genotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and sequence analysis of the inlAB locus. ECI, ECII, and ECIa were frequently encountered (32, 17, and 7%, respectively). However, annually 30 to 68% of isolates were outside these ECs, and several novel clonal groups were identified. An estimated 33 and 17% of the isolates, mostly among the ECs, were resistant to cadmium and arsenic, respectively, but resistance to benzalkonium chloride was uncommon (3%) among the sporadic isolates. The frequency of clonal groups fluctuated within the 6-year study period, without consistent trends. However, on several occasions, temporal clusters of isolates with indistinguishable genotypes were detected, suggesting the possibility of hidden multistate outbreaks. Our analysis suggests a complex population structure of serotype 4b L. monocytogenes from sporadic disease, with important contributions by ECs and several novel clonal groups. Continuous monitoring will be needed to assess long-term trends in clonality patterns and population structure of L. monocytogenes from sporadic listeriosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…36%) (8,17). However, our understanding of the population structure of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b from sporadic listeriosis in the United States remains severely limited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008

Lee

Ward

Graves

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Strains of certain serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b) are responsible for the majority (over 95%) of human clinical cases (3,4). Serotype 4b strains have been implicated in numerous outbreaks and in a significant portion of sporadic cases (4,5). Three serotype 4b clonal groups (ECI, ECII, and ECIa [also designated ECIV]) have been responsible for multiple outbreaks (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Determinants for Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance among Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Patients

Lee

Rakić-Martinez

Graves

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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cIn Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b isolates from sporadic listeriosis, heavy metal resistance was primarily encountered in certain clonal groups (ECI, ECII, and ECIa). All arsenic-resistant isolates harbored the arsenic resistance cassette previously identified in pLI100; ECIa harbored additional arsenic resistance genes and a novel cadmium resistance determinant in a conserved chromosomal locus.

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“…Significant higher estimated incidences were seen for serotypes I 4, [5],12:i:-(75% higher; 95% CI=24% to 147%) and Newport (28% higher; 95% CI=5% to 55%). …”

Section: Modeled 2007mentioning

confidence: 90%

Comparison of Real-Time PCR with Conventional PCR and Culture to Assess the Efficacy of a Live Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Vaccine Against Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis in Commercial Leghorn Chicks Vaccinated Under Field and Laboratory Conditions

et al. 2011

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Listeria monocytogenes Infection from Foods Prepared in a Commercial Establishment: A Case-Control Study of Potential Sources of Sporadic Illness in the United States

Cited by 131 publications

References 31 publications

Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008

Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008

Genetic Determinants for Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance among Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Patients

Comparison of Real-Time PCR with Conventional PCR and Culture to Assess the Efficacy of a Live Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Vaccine Against Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis in Commercial Leghorn Chicks Vaccinated Under Field and Laboratory Conditions

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