Listening in Silence Activates Auditory Areas: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Voisin, Julien; Bidet-Caulet, Aurélie; Bertrand, Olivier; Fonlupt, Pierre

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2967-05.2006

Cited by 137 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Activity within the auditory system resembling the activity elicited by actual stimulation has also been reported in literature that did not focus on omissions within a sound sequence but during silence gaps in familiar musical pieces (Kraemer, Macrae, Green, & Kelley, 2005), violations in learned motor-auditory or visuo-auditory coupling (Stekelenburg & Vroomen, 2015;SanMiguel, Widmann, Bendixen, Trujillo-Barreto, & Schroger, 2013), or attention to auditory events (Voisin, Bidet-Caulet, Bertrand, & Fonlupt, 2006). However, the literature so far suffers two main limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Experience-based Auditory Predictions Modulate Brain Activity to Silence as Do Real Sounds

Chouiter

Tzovara

Diéguez

et al. 2015

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ Interactions between stimuli's acoustic features and experience-based internal models of the environment enable listeners to compensate for the disruptions in auditory streams that are regularly encountered in noisy environments. However, whether auditory gaps are filled in predictively or restored a posteriori remains unclear. The current lack of positive statistical evidence that internal models can actually shape brain activity as would real sounds precludes accepting predictive accounts of filling-in phenomenon. We investigated the neurophysiological effects of internal models by testing whether single-trial electrophysiological responses to omitted sounds in a rule-based sequence of tones with varying pitch could be decoded from the responses to real sounds and by analyzing the ERPs to the omissions with data-driven electrical neuroimaging methods.The decoding of the brain responses to different expected, but omitted, tones in both passive and active listening conditions was above chance based on the responses to the real sound in active listening conditions. Topographic ERP analyses and electrical source estimations revealed that, in the absence of any stimulation, experience-based internal models elicit an electrophysiological activity different from noise and that the temporal dynamics of this activity depend on attention. We further found that the expected change in pitch direction of omitted tones modulated the activity of left posterior temporal areas 140-200 msec after the onset of omissions. Collectively, our results indicate that, even in the absence of any stimulation, internal models modulate brain activity as do real sounds, indicating that auditory filling in can be accounted for by predictive activity. ■

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Experience-based Auditory Predictions Modulate Brain Activity to Silence as Do Real Sounds

Chouiter

Tzovara

Diéguez

et al. 2015

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…Overall enhancement of human auditory cortex activity by selective attention has been shown by functional MRI (Grady et al, 1997;Jancke et al, 1999Jancke et al, , 2003Rama & Courtney, 2005;Voisin et al, 2006), PET (Zatorre et al, 1999;Hugdahl et al, 2000;Alho et al, 2003;Johnson & Zatorre, 2005), EEG (Hillyard et al, 1973) and MEG (Woldorff et al, 1993;Ozaki et al, 2004;Ahveninen, et al, 2006). Auditory attention can selectively be directed to a rich variety of features including spatial location, auditory pitch, frequency or intensity, to tone duration or FM direction or slope, to speech vs. nonspeech streams.…”

Section: I3 Neural Locus Of Auditory Attentionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other association cortical areas in the attentional network (Posner and Peterson, 1990) are also activated in auditory attention -such the posterior parietal cortex (Cohen et al, 2005;Yantis, 2004, 2006), and right inferior frontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Voisin et al, 2006). Moreover, neuroimaging studies of the thalamus (Frith and Friston, 1997) and physiological (McAlonan et al, 2006) and neuroanatomical (Sakoda et al, 2004) studies of the thalamic reticular nucleus suggest that the different thalamic nuclei may play important roles in attentional modulation and in helping direct the shifting focus of attention (Crick, 1984).…”

Section: I3 Neural Locus Of Auditory Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does attention play a role in dynamic receptive field adaptation to changing acoustic salience in A1?

et al. 2007

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Acoustic filter properties of A1 neurons can dynamically adapt to stimulus statistics, classical conditioning, instrumental learning and the changing auditory attentional focus. We have recently developed an experimental paradigm that allows us to view cortical receptive field plasticity on-line as the animal meets different behavioral challenges by attending to salient acoustic cues and changing its cortical filters to enhance performance. We propose that attention is the key trigger that initiates a cascade of events leading to the dynamic receptive field changes that we observe. In our paradigm, ferrets were initially trained, using conditioned avoidance training techniques, to discriminate between background noise stimuli (temporally orthogonal ripple combinations) and foreground tonal target stimuli. They learned to generalize the task for a wide variety of distinct background and foreground target stimuli. We recorded cortical activity in the awake behaving animal and computed on-line spectrotemporal receptive fields (STRFs) of single neurons in A1. We observed clear, predictable task-related changes in STRF shape while the animal performed spectral tasks (including single tone and multi-tone detection, and two-tone discrimination) with different tonal targets. A different set of task-related changes occurred when the animal performed temporal tasks (including gap detection and click-rate discrimination). Distinctive cortical STRF changes may constitute a "task-specific signature". These spectral and temporal changes in cortical filters occur quite rapidly, within 2 minutes of task onset, and fade just as quickly after task completion, or in some cases, persisted for hours. The same cell could multiplex by differentially changing its receptive field in different task conditions. On-line dynamic task-related changes, as well as persistent plastic changes, were observed at a single-unit, multi-unit and population level. Auditory attention is likely to be pivotal in mediating these task-related changes since the magnitude of STRF changes correlated with behavioral performance on tasks with novel targets. Overall, these results suggest the presence of an attention-triggered plasticity algorithm in A1 that can swiftly change STRF shape by transforming receptive fields to enhance figure/ground separation, by using a contrast matched filter to filter out the background, while simultaneously enhancing the salient acoustic target in the foreground. These results favor the view of a nimble, dynamic, attentive and adaptive brain that can quickly reshape its sensory filter properties and sensori-motor links on a moment-to-moment basis, depending upon the current challenges the animal faces. In this review, we summarize our results in the context of a broader survey of the field of auditory attention, and then consider neuronal networks that could give rise to this phenomenon of attention-driven receptive field plasticity in A1.

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“…The primary auditory cortex of healthy subjects seems to have "a propensity to spontaneously 'activate' during silence" (Hunter et al, 2006). Primary auditory cortex activation in the absence of auditory input has been found for short gaps of silence (lasting 2-5 s) that were inserted at different points during the soundtrack of familiar music (Kraemer et al, 2005) and in a sound detection task during the preceding silence of the emerging sounds (Voisin et al, 2006). A further report of primary auditory activation during mental imagery of a computer generated monotone (C maj ) comes from Yoo and colleagues (Yoo et al, 2001) but a recent inspection of the exact locus of activation indicated in that study questioned their results (Halpern et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overt and imagined singing of an Italian aria

Kleber¹,

Birbaumer²,

Veit³

et al. 2007

NeuroImage

154

137

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Activation maps of 16 professional classical singers were evaluated during overt singing and imagined singing of an Italian aria utilizing a sparse sampling functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) technique. Overt singing involved bilateral primary and secondary sensorimotor and auditory cortices but also areas associated with speech and language production. Activation magnitude within the gyri of Heschl (A1) was comparable in both hemispheres. Subcortical motor areas (cerebellum, thalamus, medulla and basal ganglia) were active too. Areas associated with emotional processing showed slight (anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula) activation. Cerebral activation sites during imagined singing were centered on fronto-parietal areas and involved primary and secondary sensorimotor areas in both hemispheres. Areas processing emotions showed intense activation (ACC and bilateral insula, hippocampus and anterior temporal poles, bilateral amygdala). Imagery showed no significant activation in A1. Overt minus imagined singing revealed increased activation in cortical (bilateral primary motor; M1) and subcortical (right cerebellar hemisphere, medulla) motor as well as in sensory areas (primary somatosensory cortex, bilateral A1). Imagined minus overt singing showed enhanced activity in the medial Brodmann's area 6, the ventrolateral and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), the anterior cingulate cortex and the inferior parietal lobe. Additionally, Wernicke's area and Brocca's area and their homologues were increasingly active during imagery. We conclude that imagined and overt singing involves partly different brain systems in professional singers with more prefrontal and limbic activation and a larger network of higher order associative functions during imagery.

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Listening in Silence Activates Auditory Areas: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Cited by 137 publications

References 51 publications

Experience-based Auditory Predictions Modulate Brain Activity to Silence as Do Real Sounds

Experience-based Auditory Predictions Modulate Brain Activity to Silence as Do Real Sounds

Does attention play a role in dynamic receptive field adaptation to changing acoustic salience in A1?

Overt and imagined singing of an Italian aria

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