Liquidus temperature and chemical durability of selected glasses to immobilize rare earth oxides waste

Fadzil, Syazwani Binti Mohd; Hrma, Pavel R.; Schweiger, Michael J.; Riley, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.06.050

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Concentrations of Nd in solution from CAB20 glass were below the detection limit of ICP-AES (<0.1 ppm) that corresponds to NL Nd ~10 −5 g·m −2 . This value is comparable to that of competitive REO-containing borosilicate glasses (Table 4 ) 7 , 8 , 25 . The normalized elemental release of boron from CAB20 ( NL B = 0.067 g·m −2 ) was significant smaller than that from alkali-borosilicate glass containing REO (36–46 g·m −2 ) 8 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Development, characterization and dissolution behavior of calcium-aluminoborate glass wasteforms to immobilize rare-earth oxides

Kim

Corkhill

Hyatt

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Calcium-aluminoborate (CAB) glasses were developed to sequester new waste compositions made of several rare-earth oxides generated from the pyrochemical reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Several important wasteform properties such as waste loading, processability and chemical durability were evaluated. The maximum waste loading of the CAB compositions was determined to be ~56.8 wt%. Viscosity and the electrical conductivity of the CAB melt at 1300 °C were 7.817 Pa·s and 0.4603 S/cm, respectively, which satisfies the conditions for commercial cold-crucible induction melting (CCIM) process. Addition of rare-earth oxides to CAB glasses resulted in dramatic decreases in the elemental releases of B and Ca in aqueous dissolution experiments. Normalized elemental releases from product consistency standard chemical durability test were <3.62·10−5 g·m−2 for Nd, 0.009 g·m−2 for Al, 0.067 g·m−2 for B and 0.073 g·m−2 for Ca (at 90, after 7 days, for SA/V = 2000m−1); all meet European and US regulation limits. After 20 d of dissolution, a hydrated alteration layer of ~ 200-nm-thick, Ca-depleted and Nd-rich, was formed at the surface of CAB glasses with 20 mol% Nd2O3 whereas boehmite [AlO(OH)] secondary crystalline phases were formed in pure CAB glass that contained no Nd2O3.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Development, characterization and dissolution behavior of calcium-aluminoborate glass wasteforms to immobilize rare-earth oxides

Kim

Corkhill

Hyatt

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…1 International Simple Glass (ISG) is a simplified model composition for a collaborative study of dissolution/corrosion mechanism of highlevel waste (HLW) glasses. [2][3][4] ISG has been intensively researched recently with studies focusing on its dissolution behavior under different conditions, 3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] its surface quality, 13 radiation effect, [14][15][16][17][18] waste loading, 19 mechanical property, 20,21 and especially on the properties of its alteration layers using diverse techniques such as electron microprobe analysis, 22 Doppler broadening positron annihilation spectroscopy, 23 and atom probe tomography. 24 However, due to the lack of long-range periodicity, the structural study of glass materials exhibits many challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural role of ZrO2 and its impact on properties of boroaluminosilicate nuclear waste glasses

Deng

Kerisit

et al. 2018

npj Mater Degrad

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Addition of zirconia (ZrO 2 ) to nuclear waste glasses, even in small amount, significantly affects physical properties such as chemical durability, density, viscosity, and glass transition temperature. Hence ZrO 2 plays an important role in the development of nuclear waste glass compositions. It was found recently that addition of zirconia decreases the initial dissolution rate but increases longterm dissolution by changing the protective properties such as porosity of alteration layers. In this study, the International Simple Glass (ISG) with different amounts of ZrO 2 /SiO 2 substitution was simulated using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and recently developed composition-dependent potential sets. Local structural descriptors such as bond distances, bond angle distributions, and coordination numbers were systematically studied and compared with experimental values. Zr K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra were also calculated and compared with experiment to resolve the local coordination environment around Zr. Medium-range structural information (e.g., Q n distribution, network connectivity, and ring-size distribution) showed that ZrO 2 /SiO 2 substitution increases the overall network connectivity and the amount of smaller sized rings, which will decrease the initial dissolution rate by strengthening the glass network and limiting water diffusivity. Finally, diffusion and dynamic properties of the ions were studied and discussed to develop a better understanding of the chemical durability of these glasses.

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“…The RE chlorides can be selectively turned into a mixture of oxides and oxychlorides by oxygen sparging [7]. The RE oxide/oxychloride mixture will have to be immobilized in a stable waste form such as a glass [8][9][10].…”

Section: Page 2 Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, a series of borosilicate glasses were fabricated with several RE oxides representative of RE fission products found in the electrorefiner following pyroprocessing [10]. The liquidus temperatures (T L ) and chemical durability of these glasses were determined.…”

Section: Page 2 Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Component effects on crystallization of RE-containing aluminoborosilicate glass

Fadzil

Hrma

Schweiger

et al. 2016

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Lanthanide-aluminoborosilicate (LABS) glass is one option for immobilizing rare earth (RE) oxide fission products generated during reprocessing of pyroprocessed fuel. This glass system can accommodate a high loading of RE oxides and has excellent chemical durability. The present study describes efforts to model equilibrium crystallinity as a function of glass composition and temperature as well as liquidus temperature (T L) as a function of glass composition. The experimental method for determining T L was ASTM C1720-11. Typically, three crystalline phases were formed in each glass: Ce-borosilicate (Ce 3 BSi 2 O 10), mullite (Al 10 Si 2 O 19), and corundum (Al 2 O 3). Cerianite (CeO 2) was a common minor crystalline phase and Nd-silicate (Nd 2 Si 2 O 7) occurred in some of the glasses. In the composition region studied, T L decreased as SiO 2 and B 2 O 3 fractions increased and strongly increased with increasing fractions of RE oxides; Al 2 O 3 had a moderate effect on the T L but, as expected, it strongly affected the precipitation of Al-containing crystals.

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Liquidus temperature and chemical durability of selected glasses to immobilize rare earth oxides waste

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Development, characterization and dissolution behavior of calcium-aluminoborate glass wasteforms to immobilize rare-earth oxides

Development, characterization and dissolution behavior of calcium-aluminoborate glass wasteforms to immobilize rare-earth oxides

Structural role of ZrO2 and its impact on properties of boroaluminosilicate nuclear waste glasses

Component effects on crystallization of RE-containing aluminoborosilicate glass

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