Liquid Velocity Distribution in Two-Phase Bubble Flow

Large Eddy Simulation for Dispersed Bubbly Flows: A Review

“…They considered the effective viscosity of the liquid phase with three contributions: the molecular, shear-induced turbulent (modelled using Smagorinsky model), and bubbleinduced turbulent viscosities [37]. Like in the work of Milelli, they confirmed the marginal effect of the BIT on the predictions.…”

“…In the E-E approach, the turbulent stress in the liquid phase is considered to have two contributions, one due to the inherent, that is, shear-induced turbulence that is assumed to be independent of the relative motion of bubbles and liquid and the other due to the additional bubble-induced turbulence (Sato and Sekoguchi [37]). For BIT there are two modelling approaches.…”

“…For BIT there are two modelling approaches. The first approach is proposed by Sato and Sekoguchi [37] and Sato et al [42]:…”

“…They studied the influence of two approaches for bubble-induced turbulence: approach of an algebraic model (Sato et al 1975) and extra source terms (as used in Pflger et al 1999) in the transport equation for SGS kinetic energy approach. It was found that the latter approach improved the quantitative prediction of the turbulent kinetic energy (as shown in Figure 2(a)).…”

Novel experimental measuring techniques required to provide data for CFD validation

“…It was found, that a turbulent enhancement takes place, that is well described by the algebraic equation of Sato [17,18] even in the region of churn-turbulent flow, for which the Sato equation was not validated before ( Fig. 15).…”