Liquid-Phase Selective Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ferromagnetic Element (Fe, Co, Ni, Nd)-Promoted Pt Catalysts Supported on Activated Carbon

Abstract

Ferromagnetic element (x = Fe, Co, Ni, and Nd)-promoted Pt/AC catalysts were prepared by co-impregnation method or physical mixing and tested in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol (FA) under mild conditions (50 °C and 20 bar H2) using water and methanol as the solvent. Among the various catalysts studied, the 0.15FePt/AC exhibited complete conversion of furfural with an FA selectivity of 74% after only 1 h of reaction time in water. The promotional effect of the bimetallic catalysts became less pronounced when methanol was used as the solvent and a 2-furaldehyde dimethyl acetal solvent product was formed. The superior catalyst performances were correlated with the higher Pt dispersion, the presence of low coordination Pt sites, and the strong Pt–Fe interaction as characterized by X-ray diffraction, H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), N2 physisorption, and infrared spectroscopy of the adsorbed CO (CO-IR). However, to simply use a magnet for catalyst separation, 0.5 wt% Fe was the minimum Fe loading on the Pt/AC. The 0.5FePt/AC still exhibited good magnetic properties after the third consecutive runs.

Regulation of Pt Loading on Co/Al2O3 Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)furan and 2,5‐Dimethylfuran

“…Many kinds of heterogenous catalysts have been designed and developed for the HMF hydro-conversion into BHMF and DMF products such as non-noble catalysts of Ni, Co, Cu, and Fe-based components and noble catalysts of Pt, Ru, Re, Ir, and Pd-based components in mono and bi-metallic forms. [12,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] In applications of FAL, LA, and HMF hydrogenation, the combined nonnoble and noble catalysts such as NiÀ Re, [33] FeÀ Re, [35] CoÀ Pt, [36][37][38] NiÀ Pt, [39] and PtÀ CoÀ Ni [40] were stated to be a group of high activity and selectivity under low operating temperature. This was due to their outstanding in the geometrical and electronic modifications between two active constituents.…”