Liquid Nitrogen-Impregnated Tape Insulation for Cryoresistive Cable

Rigby, S.J.; Weedy, B.M.

doi:10.1109/tei.1975.297849

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the case of a fault, there is a risk of nitrogen bubbling that may affect the dielectric strength of the insulation paper [43]. The dielectric strength can drop from 50 kV/mm to 2-3 kV/mm at cryogenic temperatures [44,45]. In the present case, for a 1.5 kV DC railway system, a paper thickness of 6 mm was considered to provide an extra safety margin.…”

Section: Design Of the DC Hts Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Superconducting Cables on a DC Railway Network

et al. 2023

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The Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF) is facing a significant challenge to meet the growth in rail traffic while maintaining continuous service, particularly in densely populated areas such as Paris. To tackle this challenge, the SNCF has implemented several electrification projects. These projects aim to reduce line losses and decrease voltage drops on the railway network. Amongst the possible technological choices, high temperature superconductor (HTS) cables have been evaluated, since they offer greater energy density at lower electrical losses than conventional cables. This feature is advantageous in order to transmit more electrical energy at a lesser footprint than conventional cable, therefore avoiding costly modifications of the existing infrastructures. In the present work, the electromagnetic response of two HTS cables topologies, unipolar and bipolar, was analyzed, and their impact on a direct current (DC) railway network under load was assessed. A commercial finite element (FE) software, COMSOL Multiphysics, was used to carry out a detailed FE model that accounts for the non-linearity of the electrical resistivity ρ (J, B, θ) of the superconducting cable. This FE model was coupled with a lumped-parameter circuit model of the railway network, which is particularly suited for transient simulations considering train motion. Based on a case study representing a portion of the Parisian railway network, it was found that the insertion of a superconducting cable can result in a reduction of electrical losses by 60% compared to conventional cable as well as an 8.6% reduction in the total electrical consumption of the traction network.

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Section: Design Of the DC Hts Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Superconducting Cables on a DC Railway Network

et al. 2023

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“…Right from early days, unsuccessful efforts were made from time to time to use solvent free or high solids wire enamel resins. These products include a lot of variety – unsaturated polyesters,25 hot melt enamels and specialty polymers like poly(ether sulfones)26, 27a and dispersions 27b. They failed either because they required extra facilities to bake the wire enamels or because the properties were not satisfactory, for example, the low cut through in the case of poly(ether sulfone) based enamels 26b, 26c.…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyester Wire Enamels ‐ Reliable Coatings in the Wire Industry from the Beginning to Nowadays

Bhanu¹

2008

Macro Materials & Eng

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Electric power needs to be used with prudence. Generation and transport of electric power requires insulated wires as “primary” conductors. The insulation on bare metal consists of thermosetting polymers. This review article discusses the synthesis and applications of heat cured polyester resins that are used in “primary insulation” industry. These are commonly called polyester wire enamels and they have been the work horse of this industry for past several decades. The article focuses on the developments over the past twenty years in the polymer synthesis of these polyester resins. An attempt has been also made to briefly discuss the various curing methods and their limitations.The anticipated trends of further developments in this field of research are presented. The review is hoped to fill in the gap between the active research in this specialty area and its insuffcient coverage in the main stream polymer chemistry since most of the progress is available only in patents form.magnified image

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“…Partial discharge is considered to be a dominant phenomenon in case the electrical insulation has contaminants such as metallic particles, incomplete LN2 impregnation making gaseous nitrogen bubble in the electrical insulation layer, and so forth, because they would bring about the local concentration of the electric field around them [5]. Moreover, partial discharges are considered as one of the major causes of the degradation of the HTS cable.…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration and Verification Tests of 500 m Long HTS Power Cable

Takahashi

Suzuki

Ichikawa

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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A high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power transmission cable is considered as one of the next-generation power transmission technologies. The introduction of HTS cables into the actual power grid requires a long-distance cooling tube, due to the location of the cooling stations at intervals of several kilometers along the cable length. Therefore, it is essential to understand the flow property of the liquid nitrogen as a coolant for the HTS cable, the current flow properties, electrical insulation characteristics, thermal insulation properties and mechanical behavior for the HTS cable taking into account its long length. This paper provides a brief summary of the HTS cable test system with a length of 500 m constructed in the Yokosuka area of CRIEPI.

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Liquid Nitrogen-Impregnated Tape Insulation for Cryoresistive Cable

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Impact of Superconducting Cables on a DC Railway Network

Impact of Superconducting Cables on a DC Railway Network

Polyester Wire Enamels ‐ Reliable Coatings in the Wire Industry from the Beginning to Nowadays

Demonstration and Verification Tests of 500 m Long HTS Power Cable

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