Liquid morphologies and capillary forces between three spherical beads

Semprebon, Ciro; Scheel, Mario; Herminghaus, Stephan; Seemann, Ralf; Brinkmann, Martin

doi:10.1103/physreve.94.012907

Cited by 30 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Recent studies on three-grain and larger clusters reveal several important features of the similar mechanisms of evaporation presented here, including the two instability modes (Semprebon et al, 2016). However, they did not consider other states beyond equilibrium, or post-instability configurations and further evaporation.…”

Section: General Comments and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Adhesion-force micro-scale study of desiccating granular material

2020

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Experiments on five-, four-, three-and two-wet-hydrophilic-grain clusters were performed to investigate evolution of adhesion of granular media during drying on the micro-scale. The experiments show that the adhesion-force of a cluster initially grows at most to three times the original value before decreasing to zero by the end of evaporation. The adhesion-force is composed of capillary pressure force acting over the liquid/solid contact surface area, and surface tension forces acting over the three-phase contact perimeter length. This is in contrast with most macro-scale phenomenological models, in which the only desaturation process variables affecting strength are suction and saturation. Both the contact surface area and contact perimeter length are reduced to zero upon complete liquid evaporation. The morphology of an evaporating water body evolves through slow flow controlled by evaporation rate, interrupted by various modes of fast air entry, which are non-equilibrium jumps of liquid/gas interfaces (Haines jumps). The instabilities involve large adhesion force discontinuities and substantial water mass reconfiguration with water flow in an extremely short time, which makes the process transient. The reconfigurations can reduce the original multi-grain water clusters to four-, three-and two-grain clusters by way of three different instability modes: of thin-sheet instability, or meniscus snap-through instability, depending on the sign of the Gauss curvature of the liquid surface, or finally, for two-grain bridges only, a liquid wire pinch-off. For larger meso-scale assemblies, however, the global adhesionforce evolution is little affected by the jumps. The air entries are potential sites for drying cracks. The (approximately) calculated capillary pressure for two-and three-grain clusters, in no cases is seen to reach high values, predicted from water retention curves.

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Section: General Comments and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Adhesion-force micro-scale study of desiccating granular material

2020

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“…The simulation of capillary bridge surfaces in literature usually employ surface energy minimization algorithms [2]. However, the initial liquid volume in the bridge which involves draining of liquid is not given enough attention in literature.…”

Section: Formation Of Capillary Bridge Following Drainagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A better understanding of the 'formation' of liquid bridges will aid in controlling these processes and in arriving at better input parameters for macroscopic simulations. Studies on liquid bridges in literature usually focus on static bridges, and deformation of bridges during stretching and rupture, quasi-statically [2,3]. Few experimental and theoretical studies have focused on the initial bridge formation process [4], the dynamics due to liquid transfer from grain to the bridge and the hydrodynamics of the rupture of the bridge [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural changes in wet granular matter due to drainage

Nair

Pöschel

2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Unsaturated wet granular media are usually modelled using force laws based on analytical and empirical results of liquid bridge forces between pairs of grains. These models make ad-hoc assumptions on the liquid volume present in the bridges and its distribution. The force between grains and rupture criterion of the bridge are a function of this assumed volume of liquid, in addition to other parameters like contact angle of the liquid, geometry of the grains and the inter grain distance. To study the initial volume and morphology of liquid bridges, hydrodynamic simulation of dynamic effects leading to formation of liquid bridges at grain scale are indispensable. We use a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics algorithm to simulate the hydrodynamics of the evolution of the free surface using a novel freesurface-capillary model, inspired by the molecular basis of surface tension. We present validations for the model and simulations of formation and rupture of liquid bridges.

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“…To describe scCO 2 displacement in porous media, we need to know about the stability of displacement, fluid flow pathways, saturation rates, the pressure of the phases and capillary pressure. Displacement processes depend on several parameters, such as fluid viscosity, density, interfacial tension between phases and heterogeneity of the porous materials 16,17 . Two phase displacement is characterized by two dimensionless properties: the capillary number, Ca, which is the ratio of viscous to capillary forces, and the viscosity ratio, M, which represents the viscosity of the invading phase relative to the initial phase 18,19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unstable, Super Critical CO2–Water Displacement in Fine Grained Porous Media under Geologic Carbon Sequestration Conditions

Gooya

Silvestri

Moaddel

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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In this study we investigated fluid displacement water with supercritical (sc) CO 2 in chalk under conditions close to those used for geologic CO 2 sequestration (GCS), to answer two main questions: How much volume is available for scCO 2 injection? And what is the main mechanism of displacement over a range of temperatures? Characterization of immiscible scCO 2 displacement, at the pore scale in the complex microstructure in chalk reservoirs, offers a pathway to better understand the macroscopic processes at the continuum scale. Fluid behavior was simulated by solving the Navier-Stokes equations, using finite-volume methods within a pore network. The pore network was extracted from a high resolution 3D image of chalk, obtained using X-ray nanotomography. Viscous fingering dominates scCO 2 infiltration and pores remain only partially saturated. The unstable front, developed with high capillary number, causes filling of pores aligned with the flow direction, reaching a maximum of 70% scCO 2 saturation. The saturation rate increases with temperature but the final saturation state is the same for all investigated temperatures. The higher the saturation rate, the higher the dynamic capillary pressure coefficient. A higher dynamic capillary pressure coefficient indicates that scCO 2 needs more time to reach capillary equilibrium in the porous medium.

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Liquid morphologies and capillary forces between three spherical beads

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Adhesion-force micro-scale study of desiccating granular material

Adhesion-force micro-scale study of desiccating granular material

Structural changes in wet granular matter due to drainage

Unstable, Super Critical CO2–Water Displacement in Fine Grained Porous Media under Geologic Carbon Sequestration Conditions

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