Liquid Metal Initiator of Ring‐Opening Polymerization: Self‐Capsulation into Thermal/Photomoldable Powder for Multifunctional Composites

Li, Xiankai; Li, Mingjie; Shou, Qinghui; Zhou, Li; Ge, Anle; Pei, Danfeng

doi:10.1002/adma.202003553

Cited by 60 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Zhou et al [133] coated nano-liquid metal droplets with polydopamine (PDA) to achieve photothermal conversion. Li et al [132,135] successfully synthesized nano-liquid metal biocompatible aqueous inks with sodium alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL), respectively. The ring-opening polymerization of elemental sulfur provided a large number of polysulfide rings and thiol groups as effective binding ligands, which can uniformly disperse the liquid metal to obtain a uniformly dispersed nano-liquid metal polymer for flexible electronics and tumor treatment.…”

Section: Preparation Strategies Between Non-metallic Particles and Rtlmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[165,166] The usage of bio-friendly polymer substrates ensures the safety, recyclability, and sustainability of liquid metal-based flexible electronics. In the fields of conductive inks, [12,134] bio-capsules, [45,47,132] thermally conductive materials, [167,168] and porous materials, [169] it has been reported that the chemical interaction between liquid metal and polymer is used to realize the micro-nano scales of liquid metal (as shown in Figure 13D-H).…”

Section: Wwwadvmatinterfacesdementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interfacial Engineering Of Liquid Metal/solid Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

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Interfacial Engineering of Room Temperature Liquid Metals

Liu

Cui

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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and formed spontaneously and instantaneously upon exposure to atmospheric oxygen. [1-3] The thin film or "protective skin" covering the surface of RTLMs, generally dominated the physical properties and applications of the materials. This thin film is composed of a majority fraction of gallium oxides with a much smaller amount of indium and tin oxides. [4] When immersed in acidic or alkaline electrolytes, the oxidic films of RTLMs will be dissolved. [5-8] Due to the disorder of internal structure, the surface of the spherical liquid metal droplet is smooth and removable under the function of surface tension. [9,10] According to the size and structure of the solid substrate, the contact areas between the liquid metal and the solid substrate shows various wetting phenomena and corresponding application scenarios. [11-14] Surface chemical composition plays the primary role in dominating various phenomena and practical applications of RTLMs, which possessed the technologically important and scientifically interesting parameter. Gallium-based liquid metal is similar in structure to conventional solid metal, except for some covalent bonds inside, and the physicochemical properties have the commonality of both metallic solid and fluid properties. [15] The composition of gallium-based alloys can be assumed as made up of several atomic groups, within which the permutation of the solid remains, the binding energy between the liquid atoms remains strong, but the binding force between the groups was broken. The interface refers to the contact area between the different phases, which is the transition layer from one phase to another. The binding force of electrons that are relatively far away from the inner core is related to their energy, causing the interface behavior between different phases to be incompletely consistent. The surface is a type of interface, which specifically refers to the gas phase substance in interfacial behavior. In the processes of thermodynamics, [16,17] surface absorption, [18,19] controllable wetting, [6,13,20] material catalysis, [21,22] redox, and other physical and chemical reactions, [23,24] RTLMs inevitably contact with other substances with different phase states. Even the pure liquid metal would contact with oxygen in the air to yield a thin protective film. [17,25,26] Therefore, the investigation of interfacial behaviors between RTLMs and different surrounding mediums is helpful to renovate and broaden the understanding and applications of liquid metal. So far, there gradually appeared literature on phenomena and mechanism of the interfacial effect of RTLMs, such as synthesis of low-dimensional materials in the gas atmosphere, [27,28] Room temperature liquid metals (RTLMs), especially those made of galliumbased alloys belong to an emerging versatile material with fascinating characteristics derived from its simultaneous metallic and inherent fluidic natures. The interfacial effects of liquid metal involved in diverse surfaces thus play critical roles in explaining many fundamental phenomena....

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Section: Preparation Strategies Between Non-metallic Particles and Rtlmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wwwadvmatinterfacesdementioning

confidence: 99%

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Interfacial Engineering of Room Temperature Liquid Metals

Liu

Cui

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Ring opening polymerization is another surface polymerization approach on LM particles without requiring initiator molecules. 93 Another method to decorate LM with different types of polymers is the reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process. 95 In this process, a RAFT agent is first anchored on the generated EGaIn nanoparticles during an ultrasound treatment in THF before being exposed to monomers to initiate surface polymerization (Fig.…”

Section: Without Initiator Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional liquid metal nanoparticles: synthesis and applications

2021

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“…Currently, successfully doped metal particles have included Cu, Ag ( Tang et al., 2017 ), Fe ( Cao et al., 2020 ; Carle et al., 2017 ; Hu et al., 2019 ), Ni ( Chang et al., 2018 ; Guo et al., 2018c ), Mg ( Wang et al., 2018c ), W ( Kong et al., 2019 ), etc. Further, based on more generalized liquid metal composite strategy ( Chen et al., 2020 ), the liquid metal dispersed into micro-nano droplets can form liquid metal-polymer composites with the polymer ( Chechetka et al., 2017 ; Fassler and Majidi, 2015 ; Krisnadi et al., 2020 ; Li et al., 2018 , 2020 ; Peng et al., 2019 ; Tang et al., 2018 ; Wang et al., 2018b ), and the resulting ink can be flexibly applied to different substrates ( Figure 2 B). But because of the dispersed liquid metal droplets, special treatments to make them conductive are usually necessary, such as laser ( Deng and Cheng, 2019 ; Liu et al., 2018a ), low temperature ( Chen et al., 2019 ; Wang et al., 2019 ), mechanical pressure ( Boley et al., 2015 ; Zhang et al., 2019a ), evaporation ( Li et al., 2019b ), in situ reduction of silver shell ( Zheng et al., 2020 ), and stretch ( Thrasher et al., 2019 ; Xin et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Basic Principles and Key Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%