Liquid membrane processes for copper extraction

Emulsion liquid membrane for heavy metal removal: An overview on emulsion stabilization and destabilization

“…In addition, too many of them are packed into each organic globule and consequently the liquid membrane becomes too thin and ruptures easily [14]. On the other hand, large droplet diameters result in poor stability and extraction efficiency [13] because of a low surface-to-volume ratio [14]. Li et al [13] suggested that emulsions with droplets in the range 0.3-10 m (preferably 0.8-3 m) combine rapid extraction rates, good stability and are readily broken by electrostatic means.…”

“…Small droplet diameter tends to have better breaking resistant and rapid extraction. If the droplet diameters are too small, however, the emulsion is very difficult to break by any mechanical means [13]. In addition, too many of them are packed into each organic globule and consequently the liquid membrane becomes too thin and ruptures easily [14].…”

Emulsion Liquid Membrane Pertraction of Zinc and Copper: Analysis of Emulsion Formation using Computational Fluid Dynamics

“…Emulsion liquid membranes (ELM) on the other hand, exhibit greater potential, particularly in processing dilute feed streams for the separation and removal or recovery of metal ions [6]. ELM has proved to be an effective and inexpensive method in a variety of fields, such as the recovery of various metal ions [7][8][9][10][11], removal of acetic acid [12], removal of phenolic compounds and lactic acid [13,14], and recovery of pharmaceutical substances [15]. In this method, the diffusion of the metal ion is facilitated by the presence of an oil soluble carrier.…”

Copper and Cyanide Extraction with Emulsion Liquid Membrane with LIX 7950 as the Mobile Carrier: Part 1, Emulsion Stability

“…Extraction processes using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) have also received significant attention due to their potential application in treating industrial liquid wastes [16][17][18][19][20]. Use of ELMs for hydrometallurgical recovery of heavy metals from waste industrial solutions has been reported by many investigators and some processes have been successfully commercialized to remove various metals from wastewater in industry [21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”