Liquid–Liquid Phase Equilibria for Quinary, Quaternary, and Ternary Systems {Water + Furfural + Acetic Acid + Cyclopentyl Methyl Ether + CaCl₂}: Measurement, Effect of Salt ,and Comparative Study

Abstract

Ternary liquid−liquid equilibria (LLE) data for water + furfural + cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) and quaternary LLE data for water + furfural + acetic acid + CPME were measured at T = 293.15, 303.15, and 313.15 K and atmosphere pressure (p ≈ 100.25 kPa).In addition, the LLE for the quinary system of {water + furfural + acetic acid + CPME + CaCl 2 } were determined at 303.15 K and atmosphere pressure to study salting effect on the quaternary system. Finally, based on researches of predecessors and our previous work, comparative study of various solvents including CPME, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF), p-xylene, toluene, methyl iso-butyl carbinol (MIBC), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), and methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE) was demonstrated.

Simultaneous Extraction of Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds from Model Diesel Fuel Using Neoteric Green Solvents

“…The Othmer–Tobias and Hand correlations were used to test the consistency of the quinary experimental data using eqs 15 and 16 . 43 x H , x SV , and x SU refer to the mole fraction of hexadecane, solvent, and solutes, respectively, whereas ′ and ″ refer to extract and raffinate phases, respectively. a , b , c , and d are the Othmer–Tobias and Hand fitting parameters, where linearity ( R 2 ) close to unity indicates high consistency of the experimental data.…”

“…The Othmer–Tobias and Hand correlations were used to test the consistency of the quinary experimental data using eqs and x H , x SV , and x SU refer to the mole fraction of hexadecane, solvent, and solutes, respectively, whereas ′ and ″ refer to extract and raffinate phases, respectively.…”

“…This calculated molecular energy is based on the van der Waals force, electrostatic misfit, and hydrogen bond of the molecules. 30,43 The screening charge densities, also known as the σ-profiles, describe the relative amount of surface with polarity σ for a molecule X. This information is sufficient for the COSMO-RS statistical thermodynamics calculations, where σ-profiles for solventspure or mixedcan be easily derived from the molecular σ-profiles obtained.…”

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Green and Biobased Solvents 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran + (Ethanol or 1-Butanol) + Water and Cyclopentyl-methyl-ether + (Ethanol or 1-Butanol) + Water at 298.15 K

“…Another potential application as an alternative to conventional solvents is in liquid–liquid chromatography (countercurrent chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography), where the phases of a biphasic system are used as the mobile phase and stationary phase. There is a limited number of published LLE data for systems containing 2-MeTHF and CPME, ,− for example, (2-MeTHF or CPME) + furfural + water or water + acrylic acid + CPME, that have been studied for the extraction of furfural or acrylic acid from aqueous solutions. To our knowledge, no LLE data are available in the literature for the systems studied in this work, except for the system CPME + ethanol + water, for which Wales et al determined LLE data at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa that were compared with the data measured in our work.…”